From 954bcdc8b21e1ea8969b02b806944c47bda9222c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nao Pross <np@0hm.ch>
Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2024 14:14:02 +0200
Subject: Create OptVariableExpression

---
 sumofsquares/__init__.py    |  2 ++
 sumofsquares/optvariable.py | 80 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 82 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 sumofsquares/optvariable.py

diff --git a/sumofsquares/__init__.py b/sumofsquares/__init__.py
index 0aa52d6..0bc6e7d 100644
--- a/sumofsquares/__init__.py
+++ b/sumofsquares/__init__.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 from sumofsquares.sosexpr.abc import ParamSOSExpr, SOSExpr
 from sumofsquares.sosexpr.init import init_sos_expr, init_param_expr, init_param_expr_from_reference, init_putinar_epsilon
 from sumofsquares.cvxopt import solve_cone, solve_cone2, solve_sos_problem, solve_sos_problem2
+
+from sumofsquares.optvariable import from_names
diff --git a/sumofsquares/optvariable.py b/sumofsquares/optvariable.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf4e99b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sumofsquares/optvariable.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+from itertools import product
+from typing_extensions import override
+from dataclasses import replace
+from dataclassabc import dataclassabc
+
+from polymatrix.expression.expression import Expression, init_expression
+from polymatrix.expression.mixins.expressionbasemixin import ExpressionBaseMixin
+from polymatrix.expressionstate.abc import ExpressionState
+from polymatrix.polymatrix.abc import PolyMatrix
+from polymatrix.polymatrix.init import init_poly_matrix
+from polymatrix.polymatrix.typing import PolyMatrixDict, PolyDict, MonomialIndex, VariableIndex
+from polymatrix.variable.abc import Variable
+
+
+class OptVariableMixin(ExpressionBaseMixin, Variable):
+    """ Optimization (decision) variable. """
+    @override
+    def apply(self, state: ExpressionState) -> tuple[ExpressionState, PolyMatrix]:
+        state, indices = state.index(self) 
+        p = PolyMatrixDict()
+
+        rows, cols = self.shape
+        for (row, col), index in zip(product(range(rows), range(cols)), indices):
+            p[row, col] = PolyDict({
+                # Create monomial with variable to the first power
+                # with coefficient of one
+                MonomialIndex((VariableIndex(index, power=1),)): 1.
+            })
+
+        return state, init_poly_matrix(p, self.shape)
+
+
+@dataclassabc(frozen=True)
+class OptVariableImpl(OptVariableMixin):
+    name: str
+    shape: tuple[int, int]
+
+
+def init_opt_variable_expr(name, shape):
+    return OptVariableImpl(name, shape)
+
+
+class OptVariableExpression(Expression, Variable):
+    """ 
+    Expression that is an optimization (decision) variable, i.e. an expression
+    that cannot be reduced further.
+    """
+    @override
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        return self.underlyng.name
+
+    @override
+    @property
+    def shape(self):
+        return self.underlyng.shape
+
+
+@dataclassabc(frozen=True)
+class OptVariableExpressionImpl(OptVariableExpression):
+    underlying: ExpressionBaseMixin
+
+    def copy(self, underlying: ExpressionBaseMixin) -> Expression:
+        return init_expression(underlying)
+
+
+def init_opt_variable_expression(underlying: OptVariableMixin) -> OptVariableExpression:
+    return OptVariableExpressionImpl(underlying=underlying)
+
+
+def from_names(names: str, shape: tuple[int, int] = (1,1)) -> tuple[OptVariableExpression] | OptVariableExpression:
+    """ Construct one or multiple variables from comma separated a list of names. """
+    variables = tuple(init_opt_variable_expression(
+        underlying=init_opt_variable_expr(name.strip(), shape))
+                      for name in names.split(","))
+
+    if len(variables) == 1:
+        return variables[0]
+
+    return variables
-- 
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