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-rw-r--r--doc/makefile1
-rw-r--r--doc/pdi.tex9
-rw-r--r--doc/pgf-pie.sty439
-rw-r--r--doc/res/data/co2_coeff.csv12
-rw-r--r--doc/res/data/co2_emissions.csv13
-rw-r--r--doc/res/data/heat_of_combustion.csv24
-rw-r--r--doc/res/images/cam_cpt_logo.pdfbin8546 -> 8932 bytes
-rw-r--r--doc/res/images/canada_settlements.pdfbin126072 -> 136741 bytes
-rw-r--r--doc/res/images/canada_settlements_orig.pdfbin125924 -> 131202 bytes
-rw-r--r--doc/res/srcpics/fuel_consumed_for_electric_power_generation.pngbin0 -> 40831 bytes
-rw-r--r--doc/tex/politica.tex111
11 files changed, 536 insertions, 73 deletions
diff --git a/doc/makefile b/doc/makefile
index 207672a..67a3619 100644
--- a/doc/makefile
+++ b/doc/makefile
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ BIB := biber
all: build
build: $(PDFS)
- mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
$(TEX) --output-directory=$(BUILD_DIR) $(DOCUMENT)
$(BIB) --output-directory=$(BUILD_DIR) $(BIBLIOGRAPHY)
$(TEX) --output-directory=$(BUILD_DIR) $(DOCUMENT)
diff --git a/doc/pdi.tex b/doc/pdi.tex
index 9ce98ea..4777666 100644
--- a/doc/pdi.tex
+++ b/doc/pdi.tex
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
%% Alan Scheidegger 3B
%%
-\documentclass[a4paper,twoside,12pt]{report}
+\documentclass[draft,a4paper,twoside,12pt,openright]{report}
%% Packages {{{
% file encoding and language
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
\usepackage{lastpage} % used for header
% figures / resources
+\usepackage{pgf-pie}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage{caption}
@@ -82,10 +83,6 @@
\begin{document}
\maketitle
- % empty page after title
- \null\thispagestyle{empty}
- \newpage
-
% abstract {{{
\selectlanguage{english} % to keep "abstract" instead of "sommario"
\begin{abstract}
@@ -116,8 +113,6 @@
\addtocounter{page}{-1}
\selectlanguage{italian}
\tableofcontents
- \null\thispagestyle{empty}
- \newpage
% chapters {{{
\selectlanguage{english}
diff --git a/doc/pgf-pie.sty b/doc/pgf-pie.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a669e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/pgf-pie.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Start of pgf-pie.sty
+%
+% Some LaTeX macros for pie chart by using PGF/Tikz package.
+% Home page of project: http://pgf-pie.googlecode.com/
+% Author: Xu Yuan <xuyuan.cn@gmail.com>
+%
+
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1999/12/01]
+\ProvidesPackage{pgf-pie}[2011/10/02 v0.2 Some LaTeX macros for pie
+chart by using PGF/Tikz package.]
+
+\RequirePackage{tikz}
+\RequirePackage{ifthen}
+\RequirePackage{scalefnt}
+
+
+% args:
+% #1: begin angle
+% #2: end angle
+% #3: number
+% #4: label
+% #5: explode
+% #6: fill color
+% #7: radius
+% #8: center
+\newcommand{\pgfpie@slice}[8]{
+ \pgfmathparse{0.5*(#1)+0.5*(#2)}
+ \let\midangle\pgfmathresult
+
+ \path (#8) -- ++(\midangle:#5) coordinate(O);
+
+ \pgfmathparse{#7+#5}
+ \let\radius\pgfmathresult
+
+ % slice
+ \draw[line join=round, fill=#6, \style] (O) -- ++(#1:#7) arc (#1:#2:#7) -- cycle;
+
+ \pgfmathparse{min(((#2)-(#1)-10)/110*(-0.3),0)}
+ \let\temp\pgfmathresult
+ \pgfmathparse{(max(\temp,-0.5) + 0.8)*#7}
+ \let\innerpos\pgfmathresult
+
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@text}{inside}}
+ {
+ % label and number together
+ \path (O) -- ++(\midangle:\innerpos) node
+ {\scalefont{#3}\shortstack{#4\\\beforenumber#3\afternumber}};
+ }
+ {
+ % label
+ \iflegend
+ \else
+ \path (O) -- ++ (\midangle:\radius)
+ node[inner sep=0, \pgfpie@text=\midangle:#4]{};
+ \fi
+
+ % number
+ \path (O) -- ++(\midangle:\innerpos) node
+ {\scalefont{#3}\beforenumber#3\afternumber};
+ }
+}
+
+\newcommand{\pgfpie@findColor}[1]
+{
+ \pgfmathparse{int(mod(#1,\value{pgfpie@colorLength}))}
+ \let\ci\pgfmathresult
+ \foreach \c [count=\j from 0] in \color {
+ \ifnum \j=\ci
+ \xdef\thecolor{\c}
+ \thecolor
+ \breakforeach
+ \fi
+ }
+}
+
+\newcommand{\pgfpie@findExplode}[1]
+{
+ \pgfmathparse{int(mod(#1,\value{pgfpie@explodeLength}))}
+ \let\ei\pgfmathresult
+ \foreach \e [count=\j from 0] in \explode {
+ \ifnum \j=\ei
+ \xdef\theexplode{\e}
+ \breakforeach
+ \fi
+ }
+}
+
+% #1: bottom left point
+% #2: size
+% #3: number
+% #4: color
+% #5: text
+\newcommand{\pgfpie@square}[5]
+{
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@text}{inside}}
+ {
+ \draw[fill=#4, \style] (#1) rectangle node
+ {\scalefont{#3}\shortstack{#5\\\beforenumber#3\afternumber}} ++(#2);
+ }
+ {
+ \draw[fill=#4, \style] (#1) rectangle node
+ {\scalefont{#3}\beforenumber#3\afternumber} ++(#2);
+ }
+}
+
+% #1: pos
+% #2: radius
+% #3: number
+% #4: color
+% $5: style
+% $6: label
+\newcommand{\pgfpie@cloud}[6]
+{
+ \draw[fill=#4, #5] (#1) circle[radius=#2];
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@text}{inside}}
+ {
+ \node at (#1) {\scalefont{#3}\shortstack{#6\\\beforenumber#3\afternumber}};
+ }
+ {
+ \node at (#1) {\scalefont{#3}\beforenumber#3\afternumber};
+ }
+}
+
+\newlength{\pgfpie@angleEnd}
+\newcounter{pgfpie@explodeLength}
+\newcounter{pgfpie@colorLength}
+\newcounter{pgfpie@sliceLength}
+
+\def\setexplode#1\pgfeov{\def\explode{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/explode/.@cmd}{\setexplode}
+
+\def\setcolor#1\pgfeov{\def\color{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/color/.@cmd}{\setcolor}
+
+\def\setradius#1\pgfeov{\def\radius{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/radius/.@cmd}{\setradius}
+
+\def\setpos#1\pgfeov{\def\pos{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/pos/.@cmd}{\setpos}
+
+\def\setstyle#1\pgfeov{\def\style{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/style/.@cmd}{\setstyle}
+
+\def\setbeforenumber#1\pgfeov{\def\beforenumber{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/before number/.@cmd}{\setbeforenumber}
+
+\def\setafternumber#1\pgfeov{\def\afternumber{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/after number/.@cmd}{\setafternumber}
+
+\def\settext#1\pgfeov{\xdef\pgfpie@text{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/text/.@cmd}{\settext}
+
+\def\setsum#1\pgfeov{\xdef\pgfpie@sum{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/sum/.@cmd}{\setsum}
+
+\def\setrotate#1\pgfeov{\xdef\rotate{#1}}
+\pgfkeyslet{/rotate/.@cmd}{\setrotate}
+
+\newif\ifpolar
+\pgfkeys{/polar/.is if=polar}
+
+\newif\iflegend
+
+\newif\ifsquare
+\pgfkeys{/square/.is if=square}
+
+\newif\ifcloud
+\pgfkeys{/cloud/.is if=cloud}
+
+\newif\ifscalefont
+\pgfkeys{/scale font/.is if=scalefont}
+\let\scalefontorg\scalefont
+\renewcommand{\scalefont}[1]
+{
+ \ifscalefont
+ \pgfmathparse{#1 / \pgfpie@sum * 3 + 0.9}
+ \scalefontorg{\pgfmathresult}
+ \fi
+}
+
+\newcommand{\pie}[2][]
+{
+ % load default parameters
+ \pgfkeys{
+ explode=0,
+ color={blue!60, cyan!60, yellow!60, orange!60, red!60,
+ blue!60!cyan!60, cyan!60!yellow!60, red!60!cyan!60,
+ red!60!blue!60, orange!60!cyan!60},
+ radius=3,
+ pos={0,0},
+ style={thick},
+ before number=,
+ after number=,
+ text=label,
+ sum=100,
+ rotate=0,
+ polar=false,
+ square=false,
+ cloud=false,
+ scale font=false,
+ }
+ % load user's parameters
+ \pgfkeys{#1}
+ % add percentage automatically
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@sum}{100}}
+ {
+ \pgfkeys{after number=\%}
+ \pgfkeys{#1}
+ }{}
+
+ % legend or not
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@text}{legend}}
+ {\legendtrue}
+ {\legendfalse}
+
+ % handle sum
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@sum}{auto}}
+ {
+ % sum all input
+ \xdef\pgfpie@sum{0}
+ \foreach \p/\t in {#2}
+ {
+ \pgfmathparse{\pgfpie@sum + \p}
+ \xdef\pgfpie@sum{\pgfmathresult}
+ }
+ }
+ {}
+
+ % init counters
+ \setcounter{pgfpie@explodeLength}{0}
+ \foreach \e in \explode { \addtocounter{pgfpie@explodeLength}{1} }
+
+ \setcounter{pgfpie@colorLength}{0}
+ \foreach \c in \color { \addtocounter{pgfpie@colorLength}{1} }
+
+ \pgfmathsetlength{\pgfpie@angleEnd}{0}
+
+ \setcounter{pgfpie@sliceLength}{0}
+ \foreach \p/\e in {#2} { \addtocounter{pgfpie@sliceLength}{1} }
+
+ \ifsquare
+ %%%%%%%%%% SQUARE PIE BEGIN %%%%%%%%%%%
+ \pgfmathparse{\radius*2}
+ \xdef\verticalLength{\pgfmathresult}
+ \xdef\horizontalLength{\pgfmathresult}
+ \path (\pos) -- ++(-\radius, -\radius) coordinate (start);
+ \pgfmathparse{\verticalLength * \horizontalLength / \pgfpie@sum}
+ \let\squareUnit\pgfmathresult
+
+ % drawing loop
+ \foreach \p/\t [count=\i from 0] in {#2}
+ {
+ \pgfpie@findColor{\i}
+
+ \ifthenelse{\lengthtest{\verticalLength cm > \horizontalLength cm}}
+ {
+ \pgfmathparse{\p * \squareUnit / \horizontalLength}
+ \let\height\pgfmathresult
+
+ \pgfpie@square{start}{\horizontalLength,\height}
+ {\p}
+ {\thecolor}
+ {\t}
+ %label
+ \iflegend
+ \else
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@text}{inside}}
+ {}
+ {
+ \path (start) -- ++(\horizontalLength,\height*0.5) node[inner
+ sep=0, \pgfpie@text=0:\t]{};
+ }
+ \fi
+
+ \pgfmathparse{\verticalLength - \height}
+ \xdef\verticalLength{\pgfmathresult}
+ \path (start) -- ++(0, \height) coordinate (start);
+ }
+ {
+ \pgfmathparse{\p * \squareUnit / \verticalLength }
+ \let\width\pgfmathresult
+
+ \pgfpie@square{start}{\width,\verticalLength}
+ {\p}
+ {\thecolor}
+ {\t}
+ %label
+ \iflegend
+ \else
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@text}{inside}}
+ {}
+ {
+ \path (start) -- ++(\width*0.5,\verticalLength) node[inner
+ sep=0, \pgfpie@text=90:\t]{};
+ }
+ \fi
+
+ \pgfmathparse{\horizontalLength - \width}
+ \xdef\horizontalLength{\pgfmathresult}
+ \path (start) -- ++(\width, 0) coordinate (start);
+ }
+ }
+
+ %%%%%%%%%% SQUARE PIE END %%%%%%%%%%%
+ \else
+ \ifcloud
+ %%%%%%%%%% CLOUD PIE BGEIN %%%%%%%%%%%
+ % drawing loop
+ \foreach \p/\t [count=\i from 0] in {#2}
+ {
+ % find explode
+ \pgfpie@findExplode{\i}
+ \def\cloudGap{\theexplode + 0.1}
+ \pgfmathparse{sqrt(\p / \pgfpie@sum) * \radius}
+ \let\cloudR\pgfmathresult
+ \ifnum \i = 0
+ % first cloud
+ \coordinate (O) at (\pos);
+ \xdef\cloudRone{\cloudR}
+ \xdef\cloudExtendDir{180+\rotate}
+ \else
+ \ifnum \i = 1
+ % second cloud
+ \xdef\cloudRtwo{\cloudR}
+ \xdef\cloudExtendDir{45+\rotate}
+ \path (O) -- ++(\cloudExtendDir:\cloudRone+\cloudGap+\cloudRtwo) coordinate (O);
+ \else
+ % next cloud
+ \pgfmathparse{\cloudRone+\cloudGap+\cloudRtwo}
+ \let\la\pgfmathresult
+ \pgfmathparse{\cloudRone+\cloudGap+\cloudR}
+ \let\lb\pgfmathresult
+ \pgfmathparse{\cloudRtwo+\cloudGap+\cloudR}
+ \let\lc\pgfmathresult
+ \pgfmathparse{\la^2+\lc^2-\lb^2}
+ \let\tmp\pgfmathresult
+ \pgfmathparse{180 - acos(\tmp / 2 / \la / \lc)}
+ \let\cloudRot\pgfmathresult
+ \ifodd \i
+ \pgfmathparse{-\cloudRot}
+ \let\cloudRot\pgfmathresult
+ \fi
+ \pgfmathparse{\cloudExtendDir - \cloudRot}
+ \xdef\cloudExtendDir{\pgfmathresult}
+ \path (O) -- ++(\cloudExtendDir:\lc) coordinate (O);
+ \xdef\cloudRone{\cloudRtwo}
+ \xdef\cloudRtwo{\cloudR}
+ \fi
+ \fi
+
+ % find color
+ \pgfpie@findColor{\i}
+
+ \pgfpie@cloud{O}{\cloudR}{\p}
+ {\thecolor}{\style}{\t}
+
+ % label
+ \iflegend
+ \else
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\pgfpie@text}{inside}}
+ {}
+ {
+ \path (O) -- ++(\cloudExtendDir:\cloudR)
+ node[inner sep=0, \pgfpie@text=\cloudExtendDir:\t] {};
+ }
+ \fi
+ }
+ %%%%%%%%%% CLOUD PIE BGEIN %%%%%%%%%%%
+ \else
+ %%%%%%%%%% CIRCLE PIE BGEIN %%%%%%%%%%%
+ \ifpolar
+ \xdef\maxValue{0}
+ \foreach \p/\e in {#2} {
+ \ifnum \maxValue < \p
+ \xdef\maxValue{\p}
+ \fi
+ }
+ \pgfmathparse{\pgfpie@sum / \value{pgfpie@sliceLength}}
+ \xdef\polarangle{\pgfmathresult}
+ \pgfmathparse{\radius / sqrt(\maxValue)}
+ \xdef\polarRadiusUnit{\pgfmathresult}
+ \else
+ \xdef\theradius{\radius}
+ \fi
+
+ \xdef\pgfpie@angleBegin{\the\pgfpie@angleEnd}
+ % drawing loop
+ \foreach \p/\t [count=\i from 0] in {#2}
+ {
+ \pgfmathsetlength{\pgfpie@angleEnd}{\pgfpie@angleBegin}
+ \ifpolar
+ % Polar area diagram
+ \pgfmathaddtolength{\pgfpie@angleEnd}{\polarangle}
+ \pgfmathparse{sqrt(\p) * \polarRadiusUnit}
+ \xdef\theradius{\pgfmathresult}
+ \else
+ % normal pie
+ \pgfmathaddtolength{\pgfpie@angleEnd}{\p}
+ \fi
+
+ % find explode
+ \pgfpie@findExplode{\i}
+
+ % find color
+ \pgfpie@findColor{\i}
+ \pgfpie@slice{\pgfpie@angleBegin/\pgfpie@sum*360+\rotate}
+ {\the\pgfpie@angleEnd/\pgfpie@sum*360+\rotate}
+ {\p}
+ {\t}
+ {\theexplode}
+ {\thecolor}
+ {\theradius}
+ {\pos}
+ \xdef\pgfpie@angleBegin{\the\pgfpie@angleEnd}
+ }
+ %%%%%%%%%% CIRCLE PIE END %%%%%%%%%%%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+
+ % legend
+ \iflegend
+ \coordinate[xshift=0.8cm,
+ yshift=(\value{pgfpie@sliceLength}*0.5+1)*0.5cm] (legendpos) at
+ (current bounding box.east);
+
+ \begin{scope}[node distance=0.5cm]
+ \foreach \p/\t [count=\i from 0] in {#2}
+ {
+ \pgfpie@findColor{\i}
+ \node[draw, fill=\thecolor, \style, below of=legendpos, label=0:\t] (legendpos) {};
+ }
+ \end{scope}
+ \fi
+}
+
+%%% End of pgf-pie.sty
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
diff --git a/doc/res/data/co2_coeff.csv b/doc/res/data/co2_coeff.csv
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4548ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/res/data/co2_coeff.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+fuel,co2coeffmm
+Subbituminous Coal,2.77
+Natural Gas,2.40
+Lignite,2.04
+Bituminous Coal,2.77
+Wood,1.63
+Heavy Fuel Oil,2.84
+Petroleum Coke,3.31
+Diesel,3.20
+Methane,2.80
+Light Fuel Oil,2.60
+Propane,2.77
diff --git a/doc/res/data/co2_emissions.csv b/doc/res/data/co2_emissions.csv
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..303c9b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/res/data/co2_emissions.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+fuel,mass [kg],co2 mass [kg],Mass [1000 t],co2 mass [1000 t]
+Subbituminous Coal,24.48E+09,67.76E+09,24'479.39,677'565.11
+Natural Gas,9.78E+09,23.47E+09,9'783.89,234'748.99
+Lignite,8.85E+09,18.02E+09,8'846.53,180'224.84
+Bituminous Coal,2.90E+09,8.02E+09,2'897.52,80'200.43
+Wood,2.68E+09,4.36E+09,2'680.91,43'564.81
+Heavy Fuel Oil,649.14E+06,1.85E+09,649.14,18'455.35
+Petroleum Coke,577.52E+06,1.91E+09,577.52,19'113.61
+Diesel,136.21E+06,435.86E+06,136.21,4'358.60
+Methane,131.15E+06,367.22E+06,131.15,3'672.18
+Light Fuel Oil,41.08E+06,106.80E+06,41.08,1'068.05
+Propane,98.60E+00,272.90E+00,0.0001,0.0027
+Total,50.22E+09,126.30E+09,50'223.33,1'262'971.97
diff --git a/doc/res/data/heat_of_combustion.csv b/doc/res/data/heat_of_combustion.csv
index 309078d..d914722 100644
--- a/doc/res/data/heat_of_combustion.csv
+++ b/doc/res/data/heat_of_combustion.csv
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-fuel,heat of combustion [MJ/kg]
-petroleum coke,34.2
-diesel,43.3
-heavy fuel oil,41
-methane,50
-bituminous coal,31.3
-subbituminous coal,31.3
-propane,27.2
-light fuel oil,43.6
-natural gas,47.7
-lignite,22
-wood,15
+fuel,heatofcombustion
+Petroleum Coke,34.2
+Diesel,43.3
+Heavy Fuel Oil,41.0
+Methane,50.0
+Bituminous Coal,31.3
+Subbituminous Coal,31.3
+Propane,27.2
+Light Fuel Oil,43.6
+Natural Gas,47.7
+Lignite,22.0
+Wood,15.0
diff --git a/doc/res/images/cam_cpt_logo.pdf b/doc/res/images/cam_cpt_logo.pdf
index 91a12da..895bc0b 100644
--- a/doc/res/images/cam_cpt_logo.pdf
+++ b/doc/res/images/cam_cpt_logo.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/doc/res/images/canada_settlements.pdf b/doc/res/images/canada_settlements.pdf
index 6fe09c5..b78995a 100644
--- a/doc/res/images/canada_settlements.pdf
+++ b/doc/res/images/canada_settlements.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/doc/res/images/canada_settlements_orig.pdf b/doc/res/images/canada_settlements_orig.pdf
index 73aa1fb..779d26a 100644
--- a/doc/res/images/canada_settlements_orig.pdf
+++ b/doc/res/images/canada_settlements_orig.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/doc/res/srcpics/fuel_consumed_for_electric_power_generation.png b/doc/res/srcpics/fuel_consumed_for_electric_power_generation.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..810b6ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/res/srcpics/fuel_consumed_for_electric_power_generation.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/doc/tex/politica.tex b/doc/tex/politica.tex
index 30c2b77..7a78b64 100644
--- a/doc/tex/politica.tex
+++ b/doc/tex/politica.tex
@@ -20,18 +20,36 @@ Per quantificare questa grandezza andremo a calcolare quanto
CO\textsubscript{2} viene emesso per ogni kWh prodotto.
\subsection{Produzione Elettrica}
-Partiamo quindi dalla
-produzione elettrica; secondo Statistics
-Canada CANSIM nel 2015 in Canada sono stati prodotti 631'682'021 MWh di
-energia elettrica \cite{cansim:electricity}. Dallo stesso stesso istituto
-possiamo ricavare i dati sul consumo delle centrali di produzione elettrica.
-Considerando che le fonti di energia rinnovabile e il nucleare non abbiamo
-emissioni, cosa non vera ma ignorabile considerando l'ordine di grandezza delle
-emissioni dei combustibili fossili, si ottiene che il canada emette ogni anno
-25.42E+12 tonnellate di CO\textsubscript{2} nell'atmosfera.
-Il valore \`e stato calcolato utilizzando i dati sulle quantit\`a di
-combustibili utilizzati dalle centrali, ai coefficenti di emssione di
-CO\textsubscript{2} e ai coefficenti di potere calorico\cite{poterecalorico}.
+Partiamo quindi dalla produzione elettrica; secondo Statistics Canada CANSIM
+nel 2015 in Canada sono stati prodotti 631'682'021 MWh di energia elettrica
+\cite{cansim:electricity}. Dallo stesso stesso istituto possiamo ricavare i
+dati sul consumo delle centrali di produzione elettrica. Considerando che le
+fonti di energia rinnovabile e il nucleare non abbiamo emissioni, cosa non vera
+ma trascurabile considerando l'ordine di grandezza delle emissioni dei
+combustibili fossili, si ottiene che il canada emette ogni anno 1.263 miliardi
+di migliaia di tonnellate ($10^{15} ~t$) di CO\textsubscript{2} nell'atmosfera.Il
+valore \`e stato calcolato utilizzando i dati sulle quantit\`a di combustibili
+utilizzati dalle centrali, ai coefficenti di emssione di CO\textsubscript{2} e
+ai coefficenti di potere calorico\cite{poterecalorico}.
+
+\paragraph{Potere Calorico ($\Delta_c$):} Il potere calorico o potere
+calorifico indica la quantit\`a di energia che viene emessa da un materiale
+durante la sua combustione. Il potere caolrico viene normalmente indicato in
+$\frac{MJ}{kg}$ ma si pu\`o anche trovare in $\frac{kcal}{kg}$ (obsoleto) o in
+$\frac{btu}{lb}$ (sistema imperiale). \\
+
+\begin{table}[H]
+ \centering
+ \begin{tabular}{ | l r | }
+ \hline
+ \bfseries Fuel & \bfseries Heat of Combustion $\Big [\frac{MJ}{kg}\Big ]$
+ \csvreader[head to column names]{res/data/heat_of_combustion.csv}{}
+ {\\ \hline \fuel & \csvcolii} \\
+ \hline
+ \end{tabular}
+ \caption{Potere calorico delle sorgenti di energia utilizzate in Canada.
+ \cite{poterecalorico}}
+\end{table}
\paragraph{Coefficente di emissione di CO\textsubscript{2} ($k_{CO_2}$):} Come
descrive il nome questo coefficente indicato come $k_{CO_2}$ indica quanto
@@ -41,40 +59,30 @@ unit\`a) o in $\frac{kg}{kWh}$, nel primo caso non \`e necessario alcun
passaggio intermediario mentre per il secondo \`e necessario conoscere il potere
calorico del materiale.
-\paragraph{Potere Calorico ($\Delta_c$):} Il potere calorico o potere
-calorifico indica la quantit\`a di energia che viene emessa da un materiale
-durante la sua combustione. Il potere caolrico viene normalmente indicato in
-$\frac{MJ}{kg}$ ma si pu\`o anche trovare in $\frac{kcal}{kg}$ (obsoleto) o in
-$\frac{btu}{lb}$ (sistema imperiale). \\
+\begin{table}[H]
+ \centering
+ \begin{tabular}{ | l r | }
+ \hline
+ \bfseries Fuel & \bfseries $k_{CO_2} ~ \Big [\frac{kg}{kg} \Big ]$
+ \csvreader[head to column names]{res/data/co2_coeff.csv}{}
+ { \\ \hline \fuel & \csvcolii} \\
+ \hline
+ \end{tabular}
+ \caption{Coefficenti di emissione dei combustibili utilizzati in Canada.}
+\end{table}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
- \begin{tabular}{ l r r r }
- \hline
- {\bf Energy Source} & {\bf Mass [t]}
- & {\bf k\textsubscript{CO\textsubscript{2}} [kg/kg]}
- & {\bf m\textsubscript{CO\textsubscript{2}} [kg]} \\
- \hline
- Natural gas & 9.78E+09 & 2.40E+03 & 23.47E+15 \\
- Imported heavy fuel oil & 360.83E+06 & 2.84E+03 & 1.03E+15 \\
- Canadian heavy fuel oil & 288.31E+06 & 2.84E+03 & 819.67E+12 \\
- Canadian subbituminous coal & 24.32E+06 & 2.77E+03 & 67.33E+12 \\
- Lignite & 8.85E+06 & 2.04E+03 & 18.02E+12 \\
- Imported bituminous coal & 2.44E+06 & 2.77E+03 & 6.75E+12 \\
- Petroleum coke & 577.52E+03 & 3.31E+03 & 1.91E+12 \\
- Canadian bituminous coal & 459.41E+03 & 2.77E+03 & 1.27E+12 \\
- Diesel & 136.21E+06 & 3.20E+00 & 435.86E+09 \\
- Methane & 131.15E+06 & 2.80E+00 & 367.22E+09 \\
- Light fuel oil & 41.08E+06 & 2.60E+00 & 106.80E+09 \\
- Wood & 2.68E+06 & 1.63E+00 & 4.36E+09 \\
- Imported subbituminous coal & 154.53E+03 & 2.30E+00 & 355.41E+06 \\
- Propane & 98.60E+00 & 2.77E+03 & 272.90E+06 \\
- \hline
- \bf Total & \bf 10.78E+09 & & \bf 25.42E+15 \\
- \hline
- \end{tabular}
+ \begin{tabular}{ | l r r | }
+ \hline
+ \bfseries Fuel & \bfseries Mass $[10^3~t]$ & \bfseries CO\textsubscript{2} $[10^3~t]$
+ \csvreader[head to column names]{res/data/co2_emissions.csv}{}
+ { \\ \hline \fuel & \csvcoliv & \csvcolv } \\
+ \hline
+ \end{tabular}
\caption{Combustibili utilizzati dalle centrali elettriche per produrre
- elettricit\`a nel 2015 \cite{cansim:electricityfuel}.}
+ elettricit\`a nel 2015 \cite{cansim:electricityfuel}
+ (dati in migliaia di tonnellate).}
\end{table}
Conoscendo i coefficenti calorici e i
@@ -88,18 +96,15 @@ seguente formula.
[kg] = [kg]\cdot \cancel{\Bigg [\frac{kg}{MJ}\Bigg ]}
\cdot \cancel{\Bigg [\frac{MJ}{kg}\Bigg ]}
\]
-In questa tabella il coefficente di emissioni di CO\textsubscript{2} \`e gi\`a
-stato convertito in kilogrammi su kilogrammi (moltiplicato per $\Delta_c$) e
-sono ordinati in ordine
-decrescente rispetto alla massa, che per\`o risulta valere anche nella massa di
-CO\textsubscript{2} poich\`e come scritto nel capitolo della produzione il
-Canada \`e un paese ancora molto dipendente dai combustibili fossili.
-Infine conoscendo la produzione annua di elettricit\`a possiamo calcolare
-quanto costa in termini ecologici (emissioni di CO\textsubscript{2}) ogni kWh
-elettrico prodotto in Canada.
+
+Infine conoscendo la produzione annua di elettricit\`a possiamo (indicata
+all'inizio della sottosezione) calcolare quanto costa in termini ecologici
+(emissioni di CO\textsubscript{2}) ogni kWh elettrico prodotto in Canada.
+
\[
- \frac{25.42\cdot 10^{12}~t}{631.68\cdot 10^9~kWh} =
- 40.24~\frac{kg~di~CO_2}{kWh}
+ \frac{1'262'971.97 \cdot 10^3 ~ t \cdot 10^3 }{631'682'021 ~ MWh \cdot 10^3}
+ = \frac{1.263 \cdot 10^{12} ~ kg}{631.682 \cdot 10^9 ~ kWh}
+ = 2.0 ~ \frac{kg~di~CO_2}{kWh}
\]
\subsection{Emissioni da economie domestiche (abitazioni)}