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Diffstat (limited to 'buch/chapters/40-eigenwerte/images/normalform.tex')
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1 files changed, 214 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/buch/chapters/40-eigenwerte/images/normalform.tex b/buch/chapters/40-eigenwerte/images/normalform.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f3cb532 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/chapters/40-eigenwerte/images/normalform.tex @@ -0,0 +1,214 @@ +% +% normalform.tex -- Normalform einer Matrix ermitteln +% +% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule +% +\documentclass[tikz]{standalone} +\usepackage{amsmath} +\usepackage{times} +\usepackage{txfonts} +\usepackage{pgfplots} +\usepackage{csvsimple} +\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math} +\begin{document} +\def\skala{1} +\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick,scale=\skala] + +\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0} + +\def\b{0.025} + +\def\s{2.5} +\def\t{0.7} +\def\T{0.5} + +\fill[color=darkgreen!20] + ({-3*\s-0.5*\t},{8*\t}) + -- + ({-3*\s+0.5*\t},{8*\t}) + -- + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t},{7*\t}) + -- + ({-2*\s+0.5*\t},{7*\t}) + -- + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t},{4*\t}) + -- + ({-1*\s+0.5*\t},{4*\t}) + -- + ({-0.5*\t},0) + -- + ({-3*\s-0.5*\t},{0*\t}) + -- cycle; + + +\fill[color=white,rounded corners=3pt] + ({-0.5*\t-\b},{-\b}) rectangle ({0.5*\t+\b},{\b+0.15}); +\draw[rounded corners=3pt] + ({-0.5*\t-\b},{-\b}) rectangle ({0.5*\t+\b},{\b+0.15}); +\node at (0,0) [below] {$\mathcal{K}^0(A)$}; + +\fill[color=white,rounded corners=3pt] + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t-\b},{-\b}) rectangle ({-1*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{4*\t+\b}); +\draw[rounded corners=3pt] + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t-\b},{-\b}) rectangle ({-1*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{4*\t+\b}); +\fill[color=blue!20,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{1*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-1*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{3*\t-\b}); +\draw[color=blue!40,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{1*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-1*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{3*\t-\b}); +\fill[color=blue!20,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{3*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-1*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{4*\t-\b}); +\draw[color=blue!40,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{3*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-1*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{4*\t-\b}); +\fill[color=red!20,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{\b}) rectangle ({-1*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{1*\t-\b}); +\draw[color=red,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-1*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{\b}) rectangle ({-1*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{1*\t-\b}); +\fill[color=red] ({-1*\s},{0.5*\t}) circle[radius=0.1]; +\fill[color=red,opacity=0.5] ({-1*\s},{1.5*\t}) circle[radius=0.1]; +\fill[color=red,opacity=0.5] ({-1*\s},{2.5*\t}) circle[radius=0.1]; +\fill[color=red,opacity=0.5] ({-1*\s},{3.5*\t}) circle[radius=0.1]; +\node at ({-1*\s},0) [below] {$\mathcal{K}^1(A)$}; + +\fill[color=white,rounded corners=3pt] + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t-\b},{-\b}) rectangle ({-2*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{7*\t+\b}); +\draw[rounded corners=3pt] + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t-\b},{-\b}) rectangle ({-2*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{7*\t+\b}); +\fill[color=gray!20,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{+\b}) rectangle ({-2*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{4*\t-\b}); +\draw[color=gray,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{+\b}) rectangle ({-2*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{4*\t-\b}); +\node[color=black!70] at ({-2*\s},{2*\t}) [rotate=90] {$\mathcal{K}^1(A)$}; +\fill[color=red!20,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{4*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-2*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{6*\t-\b}); +\draw[color=red,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{4*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-2*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{6*\t-\b}); +\fill[color=blue!20,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{6*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-2*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{7*\t-\b}); +\draw[color=blue!40,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-2*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{6*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-2*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{7*\t-\b}); +\fill[color=red] ({-2*\s},{4.5*\t}) circle[radius=0.1]; +\fill[color=red] ({-2*\s},{5.5*\t}) circle[radius=0.1]; +\fill[color=red,opacity=0.5] ({-2*\s},{6.5*\t}) circle[radius=0.1]; +\draw[->,color=blue,line width=1.2pt,shorten >= 0.15cm,shorten <= 0.15cm] + ({-2*\s},{6.5*\t}) -- ({-1*\s},{3.5*\t}); +\draw[->,color=blue,line width=1.2pt,shorten >= 0.15cm,shorten <= 0.15cm] + ({-2*\s},{5.5*\t}) -- ({-1*\s},{2.5*\t}); +\draw[->,color=blue,line width=1.2pt,shorten >= 0.15cm,shorten <= 0.15cm] + ({-2*\s},{4.5*\t}) -- ({-1*\s},{1.5*\t}); +\node at ({-2*\s},0) [below] {$\mathcal{K}^2(A)$}; + +\fill[color=white,rounded corners=3pt] + ({-3*\s-0.5*\t-\b},{-\b}) rectangle ({-3*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{8*\t+\b}); +\draw[rounded corners=3pt] + ({-3*\s-0.5*\t-\b},{-\b}) rectangle ({-3*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{8*\t+\b}); +\fill[color=gray!20,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-3*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{+\b}) rectangle ({-3*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{7*\t-\b}); +\draw[color=gray,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-3*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{+\b}) rectangle ({-3*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{7*\t-\b}); +\node[color=black!70] at ({-3*\s},{3.5*\t}) [rotate=90] {$\mathcal{K}^2(A)$}; +\fill[color=red!20,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-3*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{7*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-3*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{8*\t-\b}); +\draw[color=red,rounded corners=2pt] + ({-3*\s-0.5*\t+\b},{7*\t+\b}) rectangle ({-3*\s+0.5*\t-\b},{8*\t-\b}); +\fill[color=red] ({-3*\s},{7.5*\t}) circle[radius=0.1]; +\draw[->,color=blue,line width=1.2pt,shorten >= 0.15cm,shorten <= 0.15cm] + ({-3*\s},{7.5*\t}) -- ({-2*\s},{6.5*\t}); +\node at ({-3*\s},0) [below] {$\mathcal{K}^3(A)$}; + +\def\xo{1} +\def\yo{-1} + +\def\punkt#1#2{ + ({\xo+(#1)*\T},{\yo-(#2)*\T}) +} + +\fill[color=red!20] \punkt{0}{0} rectangle \punkt{1}{8}; +\fill[color=red!20] \punkt{2}{0} rectangle \punkt{3}{8}; +\fill[color=red!20] \punkt{4}{0} rectangle \punkt{5}{8}; +\fill[color=red!20] \punkt{7}{0} rectangle \punkt{8}{8}; + +\fill[color=blue!20] \punkt{2}{1} rectangle \punkt{3}{2}; +\fill[color=blue!20] \punkt{4}{3} rectangle \punkt{5}{4}; +\fill[color=blue!20] \punkt{6}{5} rectangle \punkt{7}{6}; +\fill[color=blue!20] \punkt{7}{6} rectangle \punkt{8}{7}; + +\draw \punkt{0}{0} rectangle \punkt{8}{8}; + +\draw[color=gray] \punkt{0}{1} -- \punkt{3}{1} -- \punkt{3}{5} -- \punkt{8}{5}; +\draw[color=gray] \punkt{1}{0} -- \punkt{1}{3} -- \punkt{5}{3} -- \punkt{5}{8}; + +\draw[->,color=red] + ({-3*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{7.5*\t}) + -- + ({0*\s+0.5*\t},{7.5*\t}) + to[out=0,in=90] + ({\xo+7.5*\T},{\yo}); + +\draw[->,color=blue] + ({-2*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{6.5*\t}) + -- + ({0*\s+0.5*\t},{6.5*\t}) + to[out=0,in=90] + ({\xo+6.5*\T},{\yo}); + +\draw[->,color=blue] + ({-1*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{3.5*\t}) + -- + ({0*\s+0.5*\t},{3.5*\t}) + to[out=0,in=90] + ({\xo+5.5*\T},{\yo}); + +\draw[->,color=red] + ({-2*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{5.5*\t}) + -- + ({0*\s+0.5*\t},{5.5*\t}) + to[out=0,in=90] + ({\xo+4.5*\T},{\yo}); + +\draw[->,color=red] + ({-2*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{4.5*\t}) + -- + ({0*\s+0.5*\t},{4.5*\t}) + to[out=0,in=90] + ({\xo+2.5*\T},{\yo}); + +\draw[->,color=blue] + ({-1*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{2.5*\t}) + -- + ({0*\s+0.5*\t},{2.5*\t}) + to[out=0,in=90] + ({\xo+3.5*\T},{\yo}); + +\draw[->,color=red] + ({-1*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{0.5*\t}) + -- + ({0*\s+0.5*\t},{0.5*\t}) + to[out=0,in=90] + ({\xo+0.5*\T},{\yo}); + +\draw[->,color=blue] + ({-1*\s+0.5*\t+\b},{1.5*\t}) + -- + ({0*\s+0.5*\t},{1.5*\t}) + to[out=0,in=90] + ({\xo+1.5*\T},{\yo}); + +\node at \punkt{0.5}{0.5} {$0$}; +\node at \punkt{1.5}{1.5} {$0$}; +\node at \punkt{2.5}{2.5} {$0$}; +\node at \punkt{3.5}{3.5} {$0$}; +\node at \punkt{4.5}{4.5} {$0$}; +\node at \punkt{5.5}{5.5} {$0$}; +\node at \punkt{6.5}{6.5} {$0$}; +\node at \punkt{7.5}{7.5} {$0$}; + +\node[color=blue] at \punkt{2.5}{1.5} {$1$}; +\node[color=blue] at \punkt{4.5}{3.5} {$1$}; +\node[color=blue] at \punkt{6.5}{5.5} {$1$}; +\node[color=blue] at \punkt{7.5}{6.5} {$1$}; + +\node at \punkt{-0.5}{4} [left] {$A=$}; + +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{document} + |