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%
% strukturen.tex -- Bezug der verschiedenen algebraischen Strukturen
%
% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
%
\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage{txfonts}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{csvsimple}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math}
\begin{document}
\def\skala{1}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick,scale=\skala]
\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
% assoziative Verknüpfung
\draw[rounded corners=1cm] (-7,-11.5) rectangle (7,7);
\begin{scope}[yshift=6cm]
\node at (0,0.5) [left] {{\bf assoziative Verknüpfung}:\strut};
\node at (0,0.5) [right] {$a(bc)=(ab)c\;\forall a,b,c$\strut};
\node at (0,-0.3) {\small $\mathbb{N}$, $\Sigma^*$};
\end{scope}
% Gruppe
\fill[rounded corners=1cm,color=gray!40] (-6.5,-11.0) rectangle (6.5,5.3);
\draw[rounded corners=1cm] (-6.5,-11.0) rectangle (6.5,5.3);
\begin{scope}[xshift=-3cm,yshift=4.3cm]
\node at (0,0.5) [left] {{\bf Gruppe}:};
\node at (0,0.5) [right] {neutrales Element $e$:\strut};
\node at (3.3,0.5) [right] {$eg=ge=g$\strut};
\node at (5.7,0.5) [right] {$\forall g\in G$\strut};
\node at (0,0.0) [right] {inverses Element $g^{-1}$:\strut};
\node at (3.3,0.0) [right] {$gg^{-1}=g^{-1}g=e$\strut};
\node at (5.7,0.0) [right] {$\forall g\in G$\strut};
\node at (3,-1) {\small $\mathbb{Z}$, $\operatorname{GL}_n(\mathbb R)$, $S_n$, $A_n$};
\end{scope}
% abelsche Gruppe
\fill[rounded corners=0.7cm,color=gray!20] (-6.2,-10.7) rectangle (6.2,2.7);
\draw[rounded corners=0.7cm] (-6.2,-10.7) rectangle (6.2,2.7);
\begin{scope}[yshift=1.5cm]
\node at (0,0.5) [left] {{\bf abelsche Gruppe}:\strut};
\node at (0,0.5) [right] {$a+b=b+a\;\forall a,b$\strut};
\node at (0,0.0) {Addition\strut};
\node at (0,-1) {\small $\mathbb{Q}^*$, $\operatorname{SO}(2)$, $C_n$ };
\end{scope}
\fill[rounded corners=0.5cm,color=white] (-2,-10.5) rectangle (6,-0.5);
\fill[rounded corners=0.5cm,color=blue!20] (-6,-10.0) rectangle (2,0);
%\draw[rounded corners=0.5cm] (-6,-10.0) rectangle (2,0);
% Vektorraum
\begin{scope}[yshift=-1cm]
\node at (-5.8,0.5) [right] {{\bf Vektorraum}:\strut};
\node at (-5.8,0.0) [right] {Skalarmultiplikation\strut};
\node at (-5.8,-0.5) [right] {$\lambda(a+b)=\lambda a+\lambda b$\strut};
\node at (-5.8,-1.0) [right] {$(\lambda+\mu)a=\lambda a+\mu a$\strut};
\node at (-5.8,-1.5) [right] {$\forall\lambda,\mu\in \Bbbk\;\forall a,b\in V$};
\node at (-5.8,-2.5) [right] {\small $\mathbb{R}^n$, $\mathbb{C}^n$, $l^2$};
\end{scope}
\fill[rounded corners=0.5cm,color=red!40,opacity=0.5]
(-2,-10.5) rectangle (6,-0.5);
\draw[rounded corners=0.5cm] (-2,-10.5) rectangle (6,-0.5);
\begin{scope}[yshift=-1cm]
\node at (0,0.0) {{\bf Algebra}:\strut};
\node at (0,-1.0) {$a(\lambda b) = \lambda ab$\strut};
\node at (0,-1.5) {$\forall a,b\in A, \lambda\in \Bbbk$\strut};
\node at (0,-3.0) {\small $c_0(\mathbb{R})$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-1cm]
\node at (5.8,0) [left] {{\bf Ring}:};
\node at (5.8,-0.5) [left] {Multiplikation};
\node at (5.8,-1.0) [left] {$a(b+c)=ab+ac$\strut};
\node at (5.8,-1.5) [left] {$(a+b)c=ac+bc$\strut};
\node at (5.8,-2.0) [left] {$\forall a,b,c\in R$\strut};
\node at (5.8,-3) [left] {\small $c_0(\mathbb{Z})$, $L^2(\mathbb R)$};
\end{scope}
\fill[rounded corners=0.3cm,color=yellow!20,opacity=0.5]
(-1.8,-10.3) rectangle (5.8,-4.5);
\draw[rounded corners=0.3cm] (-1.8,-10.3) rectangle (5.8,-4.5);
% boundary of blue area
\draw[rounded corners=0.5cm] (-6,-10.0) rectangle (2,0);
\begin{scope}[yshift=-5cm]
\node at (5.6,0) [left] {{\bf Ring mit Eins}:};
\node at (5.6,-1) [left] {$1\cdot a= a\cdot 1 = a\forall a\in R$\strut};
\node at (5.6,-3) [left] {\small $\mathbb{Z}[X]$, $M_n(\mathbb{Z})$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-5cm]
\node at (0,0) {{\bf Algebra mit Eins}};
\node at (0,-1.2) {\small $M_n(\mathbb R)$, $C([a,b])$};
\end{scope}
\fill[rounded corners=0.1cm,color=darkgreen!20]
(-1.6,-9.8) rectangle (1.6,-6.9);
\draw[rounded corners=0.1cm] (-1.6,-9.8) rectangle (1.6,-6.9);
\begin{scope}[yshift=-7cm]
\node at (0,-0.3) {{\bf Körper}:\strut};
\node at (0,-1) {$a\in K\setminus\{0\}\Rightarrow \exists a^{-1}$\strut};
\node at (0,-2.2) {\small $\mathbb{F}_p$, $\mathbb{R}$, $\mathbb{C}$, $\mathbb{Q}(X)$};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
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