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\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage{txfonts}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{intersections}
\usetikzlibrary{math}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.misc}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 2cm,
shapetheme/.style = {
very thick, draw = black, fill = magenta!20!white,
minimum size = 2cm,
},
line/.style = {thick, draw = darkgray},
axis/.style = {line, dashed},
dot/.style = {
circle, draw = darkgray, fill = darkgray,
minimum size = 1mm, inner sep = 0, outer sep = 0,
},
]
\node[
shapetheme, rectangle
] (R) {};
\node[dot] at (R) {};
\draw[axis] (R) ++(-1.5, 0) to ++(3, 0) node[right] {\(\sigma\)};
\node[
shapetheme,
regular polygon,
regular polygon sides = 5,
right = of R,
] (Ps) {};
\node[dot] (P) at (Ps) {};
\draw[line, dotted] (P) to ++(18:1.5);
\draw[line, dotted] (P) to ++(90:1.5);
\draw[line, ->] (P) ++(18:1.2)
arc (18:90:1.2) node[midway, above right] {\(r, 72^\circ\)};
\node[
shapetheme,
circle, right = of P
] (Cs) {};
\node[dot] (C) at (Cs) {};
\draw[line, dotted] (C) to ++(1.5,0);
\draw[line, dotted] (C) to ++(60:1.5);
\draw[line, ->] (C) ++(1.2,0)
arc (0:60:1.2) node[midway, above right] {\(r, \alpha\)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
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