3dimages

16 files changed, 850 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/Makefile b/buch/papers/nav/images/Makefile
index 0c1cbc3..c9dcacc 100644
--- a/buch/papers/nav/images/Makefile
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/Makefile
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #
 # (c) 2022
 #
-all:	dreiecke
+all:	dreiecke3d
 
 dreieck.pdf:	dreieck.tex dreieckdata.tex macros.tex
 	pdflatex dreieck.tex
@@ -42,3 +42,67 @@ dreieck6.pdf:	dreieck6.tex dreieckdata.tex macros.tex
 
 dreieck7.pdf:	dreieck7.tex dreieckdata.tex macros.tex
 	pdflatex dreieck7.tex
+
+DREIECKE3D =								\
+	dreieck3d1.pdf							\
+	dreieck3d2.pdf							\
+	dreieck3d3.pdf							\
+	dreieck3d4.pdf							\
+	dreieck3d5.pdf							\
+	dreieck3d6.pdf							\
+	dreieck3d7.pdf
+
+dreiecke3d: $(DREIECKE3D)
+
+POVRAYOPTIONS = -W1080 -H1080
+#POVRAYOPTIONS = -W480 -H480
+
+dreieck3d1.png:	dreieck3d1.pov common.inc
+	povray +A0.1 $(POVRAYOPTIONS) -Odreieck3d1.png dreieck3d1.pov
+dreieck3d1.jpg:	dreieck3d1.png
+	convert dreieck3d1.png -density 300 -units PixelsPerInch dreieck3d1.jpg
+dreieck3d1.pdf:	dreieck3d1.tex dreieck3d1.jpg
+	pdflatex dreieck3d1.tex
+
+dreieck3d2.png:	dreieck3d2.pov common.inc
+	povray +A0.1 $(POVRAYOPTIONS) -Odreieck3d2.png dreieck3d2.pov
+dreieck3d2.jpg:	dreieck3d2.png
+	convert dreieck3d2.png -density 300 -units PixelsPerInch dreieck3d2.jpg
+dreieck3d2.pdf:	dreieck3d2.tex dreieck3d2.jpg
+	pdflatex dreieck3d2.tex
+
+dreieck3d3.png:	dreieck3d3.pov common.inc
+	povray +A0.1 $(POVRAYOPTIONS) -Odreieck3d3.png dreieck3d3.pov
+dreieck3d3.jpg:	dreieck3d3.png
+	convert dreieck3d3.png -density 300 -units PixelsPerInch dreieck3d3.jpg
+dreieck3d3.pdf:	dreieck3d3.tex dreieck3d3.jpg
+	pdflatex dreieck3d3.tex
+
+dreieck3d4.png:	dreieck3d4.pov common.inc
+	povray +A0.1 $(POVRAYOPTIONS) -Odreieck3d4.png dreieck3d4.pov
+dreieck3d4.jpg:	dreieck3d4.png
+	convert dreieck3d4.png -density 300 -units PixelsPerInch dreieck3d4.jpg
+dreieck3d4.pdf:	dreieck3d4.tex dreieck3d4.jpg
+	pdflatex dreieck3d4.tex
+
+dreieck3d5.png:	dreieck3d5.pov common.inc
+	povray +A0.1 $(POVRAYOPTIONS) -Odreieck3d5.png dreieck3d5.pov
+dreieck3d5.jpg:	dreieck3d5.png
+	convert dreieck3d5.png -density 300 -units PixelsPerInch dreieck3d5.jpg
+dreieck3d5.pdf:	dreieck3d5.tex dreieck3d5.jpg
+	pdflatex dreieck3d5.tex
+
+dreieck3d6.png:	dreieck3d6.pov common.inc
+	povray +A0.1 $(POVRAYOPTIONS) -Odreieck3d6.png dreieck3d6.pov
+dreieck3d6.jpg:	dreieck3d6.png
+	convert dreieck3d6.png -density 300 -units PixelsPerInch dreieck3d6.jpg
+dreieck3d6.pdf:	dreieck3d6.tex dreieck3d6.jpg
+	pdflatex dreieck3d6.tex
+
+dreieck3d7.png:	dreieck3d7.pov common.inc
+	povray +A0.1 $(POVRAYOPTIONS) -Odreieck3d7.png dreieck3d7.pov
+dreieck3d7.jpg:	dreieck3d7.png
+	convert dreieck3d7.png -density 300 -units PixelsPerInch dreieck3d7.jpg
+dreieck3d7.pdf:	dreieck3d7.tex dreieck3d7.jpg
+	pdflatex dreieck3d7.tex
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/common.inc b/buch/papers/nav/images/common.inc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33d9384
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/common.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+//
+// common.inc -- 3d Darstellung
+//
+// (c) 2022 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+//
+#version 3.7;
+#include "colors.inc"
+
+global_settings {
+	assumed_gamma 1
+}
+
+#declare imagescale = 0.034;
+
+#declare A = vnormalize(< 0, 1, 0>);
+#declare B = vnormalize(< 1, 2, -8>);
+#declare C = vnormalize(< 5, 1, 0>);
+#declare P = vnormalize(< 5, -1, -7>);
+
+camera {
+	location <40, 20, -20>
+	look_at <0, 0.24, -0.20>
+	right x * imagescale
+	up y * imagescale
+}
+
+light_source {
+	<10, 10, -40> color White
+	area_light <1,0,0> <0,0,1>, 10, 10
+	adaptive 1
+	jitter
+}
+
+sky_sphere {
+	pigment {
+		color rgb<1,1,1>
+	}
+}
+
+//
+// draw an arrow from <from> to <to> with thickness <arrowthickness> with
+// color <c>
+//
+#macro arrow(from, to, arrowthickness, c)
+#declare arrowdirection = vnormalize(to - from);
+#declare arrowlength = vlength(to - from);
+union {
+        sphere {
+                from, 1.1 * arrowthickness
+        }
+        cylinder {
+                from,
+                from + (arrowlength - 5 * arrowthickness) * arrowdirection,
+                arrowthickness
+        }
+        cone {
+                from + (arrowlength - 5 * arrowthickness) * arrowdirection,
+                2 * arrowthickness,
+                to,
+                0
+        }
+        pigment {
+                color c
+        }
+        finish {
+                specular 0.9
+                metallic
+        }
+}
+#end
+
+#macro grosskreis(normale, staerke)
+union {
+	#declare v1 = vcross(normale, <normale.x, normale.z, normale.y>);
+	#declare v1 = vnormalize(v1);
+	#declare v2 = vnormalize(vcross(v1, normale));
+	#declare phisteps = 100;
+	#declare phistep = pi / phisteps;
+	#declare phi = 0;
+	#declare p1 = v1;
+	#while (phi < 2 * pi - phistep/2)
+		sphere { p1, staerke }
+		#declare phi = phi + phistep;
+		#declare p2 = v1 * cos(phi) + v2 * sin(phi);
+		cylinder { p1, p2, staerke }
+		#declare p1 = p2;
+	#end
+}
+#end
+
+#macro seite(p, q, staerke)
+	#declare n = vcross(p, q);
+	intersection {
+		grosskreis(n, staerke)
+		plane { -vcross(n, q) * vdot(vcross(n, q), p), 0 }
+		plane { -vcross(n, p) * vdot(vcross(n, p), q), 0 }
+	}
+#end
+
+#macro winkel(w, p, q, staerke)
+	#declare n = vnormalize(w);
+	#declare pp = vnormalize(p - vdot(n, p) * n);
+	#declare qq = vnormalize(q - vdot(n, q) * n);
+	intersection {
+		sphere { <0, 0, 0>, 1 + staerke }
+		cone { <0, 0, 0>, 0, 1.2 * vnormalize(w), 0.4 }
+		plane { -vcross(n, qq) * vdot(vcross(n, qq), pp), 0 }
+		plane { -vcross(n, pp) * vdot(vcross(n, pp), qq), 0 }
+	}
+#end
+
+#macro punkt(p, staerke)
+	sphere { p, 1.5 * staerke }
+#end
+
+#declare fett = 0.015;
+#declare fine = 0.010;
+
+#declare dreieckfarbe = rgb<0.6,0.6,0.6>;
+#declare rot = rgb<0.8,0.2,0.2>;
+#declare gruen = rgb<0,0.6,0>;
+#declare blau = rgb<0.2,0.2,0.8>;
+
+sphere {
+	<0, 0, 0>, 1
+	pigment {
+		color rgb<0.8,0.8,0.8>
+	}
+}
+
+//union {
+//	sphere { A, 0.02 }
+//	sphere { B, 0.02 }
+//	sphere { C, 0.02 }
+//	sphere { P, 0.02 }
+//	pigment {
+//		color Red
+//	}
+//}
+
+//union {
+//	winkel(A, B, C)
+//	winkel(B, P, C)
+//	seite(B, C, 0.01)
+//	seite(B, P, 0.01)
+//	pigment {
+//		color rgb<0,0.6,0>
+//	}
+//}
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d1.pov b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d1.pov
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8afe60e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d1.pov
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+//
+// dreiecke3d.pov
+//
+// (c) 2022 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+//
+#include "common.inc"
+
+union {
+	seite(A, B, fett)
+	seite(B, C, fett)
+	seite(A, C, fett)
+	punkt(A, fett)
+	punkt(B, fett)
+	punkt(C, fett)
+	punkt(P, fine)
+	seite(B, P, fine)
+	seite(C, P, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color dreieckfarbe
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
+object {
+	winkel(A, B, C, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color rot
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
+object {
+	winkel(B, C, A, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color gruen
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
+object {
+	winkel(C, A, B, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color blau
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d1.tex b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..799b21a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+%
+% dreieck3d1.tex
+%
+% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+%
+\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
+\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{txfonts}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math}
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\begin{document}
+
+\newboolean{showgrid}
+\setboolean{showgrid}{false}
+\def\breite{4}
+\def\hoehe{4}
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick]
+
+% Povray Bild
+\node at (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=8cm]{dreieck3d1.jpg}};
+
+% Gitter
+\ifthenelse{\boolean{showgrid}}{
+\draw[step=0.1,line width=0.1pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw[step=0.5,line width=0.4pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw                            (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\fill (0,0) circle[radius=0.05];
+}{}
+
+\node at (0.7,3.8) {$A$};
+\node at (-3.4,-0.8) {$B$};
+\node at (3.3,-2.1) {$C$};
+\node at (-1.4,-3.5) {$P$};
+
+\node at (-1.9,2.1) {$c$};
+\node at (-0.2,-1.2) {$a$};
+\node at (2.6,1.5) {$b$};
+
+\node at (-2.6,-2.2) {$p_b$};
+\node at (1,-2.9) {$p_c$};
+
+\node at (0.7,3) {$\alpha$};
+\node at (-2.5,-0.5) {$\beta$};
+\node at (2.3,-1.2) {$\gamma$};
+
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d2.pov b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d2.pov
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c23a54c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d2.pov
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//
+// dreiecke3d.pov
+//
+// (c) 2022 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+//
+#include "common.inc"
+
+union {
+	seite(A, B, fett)
+	seite(B, C, fett)
+	seite(A, C, fett)
+	punkt(A, fett)
+	punkt(B, fett)
+	punkt(C, fett)
+	punkt(P, fine)
+	seite(B, P, fine)
+	seite(C, P, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color dreieckfarbe
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d2.tex b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f6e10c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+%
+% dreieck3d2.tex
+%
+% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+%
+\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
+\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{txfonts}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math}
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\begin{document}
+
+\newboolean{showgrid}
+\setboolean{showgrid}{false}
+\def\breite{4}
+\def\hoehe{4}
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick]
+
+% Povray Bild
+\node at (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=8cm]{dreieck3d2.jpg}};
+
+% Gitter
+\ifthenelse{\boolean{showgrid}}{
+\draw[step=0.1,line width=0.1pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw[step=0.5,line width=0.4pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw                            (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\fill (0,0) circle[radius=0.05];
+}{}
+
+\node at (0.7,3.8) {$A$};
+\node at (-3.4,-0.8) {$B$};
+\node at (3.3,-2.1) {$C$};
+\node at (-1.4,-3.5) {$P$};
+
+\node at (-1.9,2.1) {$c$};
+%\node at (-0.2,-1.2) {$a$};
+\node at (2.6,1.5) {$b$};
+
+\node at (-2.6,-2.2) {$p_b$};
+\node at (1,-2.9) {$p_c$};
+
+%\node at (0.7,3) {$\alpha$};
+%\node at (-2.5,-0.5) {$\beta$};
+%\node at (2.3,-1.2) {$\gamma$};
+
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d3.pov b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d3.pov
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2496b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d3.pov
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//
+// dreiecke3d.pov
+//
+// (c) 2022 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+//
+#include "common.inc"
+
+union {
+	seite(A, B, fett)
+	seite(B, C, fett)
+	seite(A, C, fett)
+	punkt(A, fett)
+	punkt(B, fett)
+	punkt(C, fett)
+	punkt(P, fine)
+	seite(B, P, fine)
+	seite(C, P, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color dreieckfarbe
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
+object {
+	winkel(A, B, C, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color rot
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d3.tex b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a047b1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+%
+% dreieck3d3.tex
+%
+% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+%
+\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
+\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{txfonts}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math}
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\begin{document}
+
+\newboolean{showgrid}
+\setboolean{showgrid}{false}
+\def\breite{4}
+\def\hoehe{4}
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick]
+
+% Povray Bild
+\node at (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=8cm]{dreieck3d3.jpg}};
+
+% Gitter
+\ifthenelse{\boolean{showgrid}}{
+\draw[step=0.1,line width=0.1pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw[step=0.5,line width=0.4pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw                            (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\fill (0,0) circle[radius=0.05];
+}{}
+
+\node at (0.7,3.8) {$A$};
+\node at (-3.4,-0.8) {$B$};
+\node at (3.3,-2.1) {$C$};
+\node at (-1.4,-3.5) {$P$};
+
+\node at (-1.9,2.1) {$c$};
+%\node at (-0.2,-1.2) {$a$};
+\node at (2.6,1.5) {$b$};
+
+\node at (-2.6,-2.2) {$p_b$};
+\node at (1,-2.9) {$p_c$};
+
+\node at (0.7,3) {$\alpha$};
+%\node at (-2.5,-0.5) {$\beta$};
+%\node at (2.3,-1.2) {$\gamma$};
+
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d4.pov b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d4.pov
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bddcf7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d4.pov
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//
+// dreiecke3d.pov
+//
+// (c) 2022 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+//
+#include "common.inc"
+
+union {
+	seite(A, B, fine)
+	seite(A, C, fine)
+	punkt(A, fine)
+	punkt(B, fett)
+	punkt(C, fett)
+	punkt(P, fett)
+	seite(B, C, fett)
+	seite(B, P, fett)
+	seite(C, P, fett)
+	pigment {
+		color dreieckfarbe
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
+object {
+	winkel(B, C, P, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color rgb<0.6,0.4,0.2>
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d4.tex b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d4.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d49fb66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d4.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+%
+% dreieck3d4.tex
+%
+% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+%
+\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
+\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{txfonts}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math}
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\begin{document}
+
+\newboolean{showgrid}
+\setboolean{showgrid}{false}
+\def\breite{4}
+\def\hoehe{4}
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick]
+
+% Povray Bild
+\node at (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=8cm]{dreieck3d4.jpg}};
+
+% Gitter
+\ifthenelse{\boolean{showgrid}}{
+\draw[step=0.1,line width=0.1pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw[step=0.5,line width=0.4pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw                            (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\fill (0,0) circle[radius=0.05];
+}{}
+
+\node at (0.7,3.8) {$A$};
+\node at (-3.4,-0.8) {$B$};
+\node at (3.3,-2.1) {$C$};
+\node at (-1.4,-3.5) {$P$};
+
+%\node at (-1.9,2.1) {$c$};
+\node at (-0.2,-1.2) {$a$};
+%\node at (2.6,1.5) {$b$};
+
+\node at (-2.6,-2.2) {$p_b$};
+\node at (1,-2.9) {$p_c$};
+
+%\node at (0.7,3) {$\alpha$};
+%\node at (-2.5,-0.5) {$\beta$};
+%\node at (2.3,-1.2) {$\gamma$};
+\node at (-2.3,-1.5) {$\beta_1$};
+
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d5.pov b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d5.pov
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32fc9e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d5.pov
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//
+// dreiecke3d.pov
+//
+// (c) 2022 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+//
+#include "common.inc"
+
+union {
+	seite(A, B, fine)
+	seite(A, C, fine)
+	punkt(A, fine)
+	punkt(B, fett)
+	punkt(C, fett)
+	punkt(P, fett)
+	seite(B, C, fett)
+	seite(B, P, fett)
+	seite(C, P, fett)
+	pigment {
+		color dreieckfarbe
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d5.tex b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d5.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8011b37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d5.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+%
+% dreieck3d5.tex
+%
+% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+%
+\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
+\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{txfonts}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math}
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\begin{document}
+
+\newboolean{showgrid}
+\setboolean{showgrid}{false}
+\def\breite{4}
+\def\hoehe{4}
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick]
+
+% Povray Bild
+\node at (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=8cm]{dreieck3d5.jpg}};
+
+% Gitter
+\ifthenelse{\boolean{showgrid}}{
+\draw[step=0.1,line width=0.1pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw[step=0.5,line width=0.4pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw                            (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\fill (0,0) circle[radius=0.05];
+}{}
+
+\node at (0.7,3.8) {$A$};
+\node at (-3.4,-0.8) {$B$};
+\node at (3.3,-2.1) {$C$};
+\node at (-1.4,-3.5) {$P$};
+
+%\node at (-1.9,2.1) {$c$};
+%\node at (-0.2,-1.2) {$a$};
+%\node at (2.6,1.5) {$b$};
+
+\node at (-2.6,-2.2) {$p_b$};
+\node at (1,-2.9) {$p_c$};
+
+%\node at (0.7,3) {$\alpha$};
+%\node at (-2.5,-0.5) {$\beta$};
+%\node at (2.3,-1.2) {$\gamma$};
+
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d6.pov b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d6.pov
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7611950
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d6.pov
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//
+// dreiecke3d.pov
+//
+// (c) 2022 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+//
+#include "common.inc"
+
+union {
+	seite(A, B, fett)
+	seite(A, C, fett)
+	seite(B, P, fett)
+	seite(C, P, fett)
+	seite(A, P, fett)
+	punkt(A, fett)
+	punkt(B, fett)
+	punkt(C, fett)
+	punkt(P, fett)
+	pigment {
+		color dreieckfarbe
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
+object {
+	winkel(B, A, P, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color rgb<0.6,0.2,0.6>
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d6.tex b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d6.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbca2ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d6.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+%
+% dreieck3d6.tex
+%
+% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+%
+\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
+\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{txfonts}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math}
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\begin{document}
+
+\newboolean{showgrid}
+\setboolean{showgrid}{false}
+\def\breite{4}
+\def\hoehe{4}
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick]
+
+% Povray Bild
+\node at (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=8cm]{dreieck3d6.jpg}};
+
+% Gitter
+\ifthenelse{\boolean{showgrid}}{
+\draw[step=0.1,line width=0.1pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw[step=0.5,line width=0.4pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw                            (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\fill (0,0) circle[radius=0.05];
+}{}
+
+\node at (0.7,3.8) {$A$};
+\node at (-3.4,-0.8) {$B$};
+\node at (3.3,-2.1) {$C$};
+\node at (-1.4,-3.5) {$P$};
+
+\node at (-1.9,2.1) {$c$};
+%\node at (-0.2,-1.2) {$a$};
+\node at (2.6,1.5) {$b$};
+\node at (-0.7,0.3) {$l$};
+
+\node at (-2.6,-2.2) {$p_b$};
+\node at (1,-2.9) {$p_c$};
+
+%\node at (0.7,3) {$\alpha$};
+%\node at (-2.5,-0.5) {$\beta$};
+%\node at (2.3,-1.2) {$\gamma$};
+\node at (-2.4,-0.6) {$\kappa$};
+
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d7.pov b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d7.pov
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa48f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d7.pov
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//
+// dreiecke3d.pov
+//
+// (c) 2022 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+//
+#include "common.inc"
+
+union {
+	seite(A, C, fett)
+	seite(A, P, fett)
+	seite(C, P, fett)
+
+	seite(A, B, fine)
+	seite(B, C, fine)
+	seite(B, P, fine)
+	punkt(A, fett)
+	punkt(C, fett)
+	punkt(P, fett)
+	punkt(B, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color dreieckfarbe
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
+object {
+	winkel(A, P, C, fine)
+	pigment {
+		color rgb<0.4,0.4,1>
+	}
+	finish {
+		specular 0.95
+		metallic
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d7.tex b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d7.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4027a8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buch/papers/nav/images/dreieck3d7.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+%
+% dreieck3d7.tex
+%
+% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule
+%
+\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
+\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{txfonts}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math}
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\begin{document}
+
+\newboolean{showgrid}
+\setboolean{showgrid}{false}
+\def\breite{4}
+\def\hoehe{4}
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick]
+
+% Povray Bild
+\node at (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=8cm]{dreieck3d7.jpg}};
+
+% Gitter
+\ifthenelse{\boolean{showgrid}}{
+\draw[step=0.1,line width=0.1pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw[step=0.5,line width=0.4pt] (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\draw                            (-\breite,-\hoehe) grid (\breite, \hoehe);
+\fill (0,0) circle[radius=0.05];
+}{}
+
+\node at (0.7,3.8) {$A$};
+\node at (-3.4,-0.8) {$B$};
+\node at (3.3,-2.1) {$C$};
+\node at (-1.4,-3.5) {$P$};
+
+\node at (-1.9,2.1) {$c$};
+\node at (-0.2,-1.2) {$a$};
+\node at (2.6,1.5) {$b$};
+\node at (-0.7,0.3) {$l$};
+
+\node at (-2.6,-2.2) {$p_b$};
+\node at (1,-2.9) {$p_c$};
+
+%\node at (0.7,3) {$\alpha$};
+%\node at (-2.5,-0.5) {$\beta$};
+%\node at (2.3,-1.2) {$\gamma$};
+\node at (0.8,3.1) {$\omega$};
+
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+\end{document}
+