Starts essence of TecHWSW

9 files changed, 1112 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/makefile b/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66bc94c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+all:
+	# make -C electronics
+	make -C techwsw
diff --git a/techwsw/build/essence_of_hwsw.pdf b/techwsw/build/essence_of_hwsw.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..652dd61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/techwsw/build/essence_of_hwsw.pdf
diff --git a/techwsw/essence_of_hwsw.tex b/techwsw/essence_of_hwsw.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8b6bab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/techwsw/essence_of_hwsw.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+\documentclass[a4paper]{article}

+

+% math

+\usepackage{amsmath}

+

+% figures

+\usepackage{float}

+\usepackage{graphicx}

+

+\title{Hardware e Software}

+\author{Naoki Pross}

+

+\begin{document}

+\maketitle

+

+\include{tex/memorie}

+

+\end{document}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/techwsw/makefile b/techwsw/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..240e907
--- /dev/null
+++ b/techwsw/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# file settings
+BUILD_DIR 	:= build
+DOCUMENT	:= essence_of_hwsw.tex
+
+# tex settings
+TEX := xelatex \
+		-interaction=nonstopmode \
+		-halt-on-error \
+		-output-directory=$(BUILD_DIR)
+
+# automated stuff
+_DOCUMENT := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(DOCUMENT)
+
+_SVGS := $(shell find res/ -type f -name '*.svg')
+_PDFS := $(patsubst %.svg, %.pdf,$(_SVGS))
+
+
+# recipes
+.PHONY: build_dir
+all: $(_DOCUMENT)
+
+$(_DOCUMENT): $(DOCUMENT) $(_PDFS) build_dir
+	$(TEX) $<
+
+$(_PDFS): res/%.pdf: res/%.svg $(_SVGS)
+	inkscape -z -D --file=$< --export-pdf=$@
+
+build_dir:
+	mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)/tex
diff --git a/techwsw/res/memorie/ram.pdf b/techwsw/res/memorie/ram.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0700a01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/techwsw/res/memorie/ram.pdf
diff --git a/techwsw/res/memorie/ram.svg b/techwsw/res/memorie/ram.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c009a9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/techwsw/res/memorie/ram.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,906 @@
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diff --git a/techwsw/tex/memorie.tex b/techwsw/tex/memorie.tex
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index 0000000..eb0fa5c
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+++ b/techwsw/tex/memorie.tex
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+\section{Le memorie}

+

+%\subsection{Cos'\`e una memoria}

+

+\subsection{Classificazione delle memorie}

+

+\subsection{Tipi di accesso alle memorie}

+

+\subsection{Memorie a sola lettura}

+\subsubsection{Read Only Memory ({\tt ROM})}

+

+La memoria ROM \`e un circuito combinatorio che fornisce in uscita una serie di

+dati $Y_0\dotso Y_{m-1}$ in corrispondenza ad una serie di ingressi $A_0\dotso

+A_{n-1}$. Con $n$ bit in ingresso si possono avere fino a $2^n$ celle di

+dimensione $m$ in uscita.

+In questo tipo di memoria come implica il nomele informazioni vengono conservate

+permanentemente nella configurazione del circuito, siccome esso sono costituite

+da un decodificatore ed un codificatore.

+

+%% TODO: schema intero rom

+

+\subsubsection{Programmable Read Only Memory ({\tt PROM})}

+

+\subsection{Memorie non volatili ({\tt NVRWM})}

+\subsection{Memorie a scrittura e lettura}

+\subsubsection{Random Access Memory ({\tt RAM})}

+

+In una memoeria ad acesso casuale, o memoria RAM (Random Access Memory), una

+qualsiasi locazione (della) \`e individuata da un numero (indirizzo o address) e

+il suo contenuto pu\`o essere letto o modificato in un intervallo di tempo

+costante detto \emph{tempo di accesso} $t_a$.

+

+%% doc: 01c memorie principali.pdf

+\begin{figure}[h!]

+	\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{res/memorie/ram}

+\end{figure}

+

+Quando viene richiesta un' operazione di lettura con il segnale {\tt R},

+l'indirizzo comanda il multiplexer per passare sull'uscita il dato

+contenuto alla locazione richiesta. Nell'operazione di scrittura il segnale {\tt

+W} abilita la scrittura del dato presente in ingresso nella cella indicata

+tramite il demultiplexer. 

+

+ La RAM pu\`o essere di tipo \emph{statico} o

+\emph{dinamico}. Le {\tt SRAM} (static RAM) sono dei flip-flops, mentre le {\tt

+DRAM} (dynamic RAM) sono dei microcondensatori C-MOS nei quali 1 corrisponde al

+condensatore carico e 0 corrisponde al condensatore scarico.

+

+% Nella pratica si utano sempre RAM dinamice per l'elevata capacitit\`a di 

+% integrazione e per i costi pi\`u bassi rispetto a quelle statiche.

+

+\paragraph{La RAM dinamica} avendo un comportamento elettrico tipico dei 

+condenstatori, essa \`e soggetta alla scarica, cio\`e tende a perdere l'informazione

+contenuta, perci\`o necessitano di essere ricaricate regolarmente con della 

+circuiteria che esegue un \emph{refresh}.

+

+$$\cdot$$