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author | Andreas Müller <andreas.mueller@ost.ch> | 2021-07-22 08:13:09 +0200 |
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committer | GitHub <noreply@github.com> | 2021-07-22 08:13:09 +0200 |
commit | 19df8ee38a7240dbb0b1ed93c8f51bf507d491b8 (patch) | |
tree | e3a4cf741a20dc5a356de353cca3167996477638 /buch | |
parent | Merge pull request #43 from tschwall/master (diff) | |
parent | update (diff) | |
download | SeminarMatrizen-19df8ee38a7240dbb0b1ed93c8f51bf507d491b8.tar.gz SeminarMatrizen-19df8ee38a7240dbb0b1ed93c8f51bf507d491b8.zip |
Merge pull request #44 from JODBaer/Baer
Baer
Diffstat (limited to 'buch')
25 files changed, 1735 insertions, 89 deletions
diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/RS presentation/images/polynom1 - Kopie.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/RS presentation/images/polynom1 - Kopie.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..038e93e --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/RS presentation/images/polynom1 - Kopie.tex @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +% polynome1 +%------------------- +\documentclass[tikz]{standalone} +\usepackage{amsmath} +\usepackage{times} +\usepackage{txfonts} +\usepackage{pgfplots} +\usepackage{csvsimple} +\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math} +\newcommand{\teiler}{40} +\begin{document} + + +\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick] + + \begin{axis}[ + axis lines = left, + xlabel = \(x\), + ylabel = {\(f(x)\)}, + ] + %Below the red parabola is defined + \addplot[ + color=blue, + ] + coordinates { + (0,23.1)(10,27.5)(20,32)(30,37.8)(40,44.6)(60,61.8)(80,83.8)(100,114) + }; + %Here the blue parabola is defined + + \end{axis} +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{document} + diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/dtf.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/dtf.tex index 025be3a..a111527 100644 --- a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/dtf.tex +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/dtf.tex @@ -3,28 +3,53 @@ % % (c) 2020 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, Hochschule Rapperswil % -\section{Diskrete Fourien Transformation +\section{Diskrete Fourier Transformation \label{reedsolomon:section:dtf}} \rhead{Umwandlung mit DTF} Um die Polynominterpolation zu umgehen, gehen wir nun über in die Fourientransformation. Dies wird weder eine erklärung der Forientransorfmation noch ein genauer gebrauch für den Reed-Solomon-Code. Dieser Abschnitt zeigt nur wie die Fourientransformation auf Fehler reagiert. -wobei sie dann bei späteren Berchnungen ganz nütlich ist. - -\subsection{Übertragungsabfolge -\label{reedsolomon:subsection:Übertragungsabfolge}} -Das Signal.... sind die Daten, Zahlen welche übertragen werden sollen. -Das speziell ist das wir 100 Punkte übertragen und von 64 bis 100, -werden nur Null Punkte übertragen, dies weiss auch unser Empfänger. -Nun wird das Signal in Abbildung... codiert... -Somit wird die Information jedes Punktes auf das ganze spektrum von 0 bis 100 übertragen. -Kommen nuun drei Fehler... hinzu zu diesem codierten Signal sind diese nicht zu erkennen. -Nach dem Empfangen... und decodieren ... erkennt man die fehlerhafte information in den Punkten 64 bis 100. -Filtert man nur diese Punkte heraus und Transformiert sie mit Fourier erhält man die stellen an denen die Fehler sich eingeschlichen haben. +wobei sie dann bei späteren Berchnungen ganz nützlich ist. \subsection{Diskrete Fourientransformation Zusamenhang \label{reedsolomon:subsection:dtfzusamenhang}} Die Diskrete Fourientransformation ist definiert als -.... + \[ + \label{ft_discrete} + \hat{c}_{k} + = \frac{1}{N} \sum_{n=0}^{N-1} + {f}_n \cdot e^{-\frac{2\pi j}{N} \cdot kn} + \] +, wenn man nun + \[ + w = e^{-\frac{2\pi j}{N} k} + \] +ersetzte, und $N$ konstantbleibt, erhält man + \[ + \hat{c}_{k}=\frac{1}{N}( {f}_0 w^0 + {f}_1 w^1 + {f}_2 w^2 + \dots + {f}_{N-1} w^N) + \] +was überaust ähnlich zu unserem Polynomidee ist. +\subsection{Übertragungsabfolge +\label{reedsolomon:subsection:Übertragungsabfolge}} +\begin{enumerate}[1)] +\item Das Signal hat 64 die Daten, Zahlen welche übertragen werden sollen. +Dabei zusätzlich nach 16 Fehler abgesichert, macht insgesamt 96 Übertragungszahlen. +\item Nun wurde mittels der schnellen diskreten Fourientransformation diese 96 codiert. +Das heisst alle information ist in alle Zahlenvorhanden. +\item Nun kommen drei Fehler dazu an den Übertragungsstellen 7, 21 und 75. +\item Dieses wird nun Empfangen und mittels inversen diskreten Fourientransormation, wieder rücktransformiert. +\item Nun sieht man den Fehler im Decodieren in den Übertragungsstellen 64 bis 96. +\item Nimmt man nun nur diese Stellen 64 bis 96, auch Syndrom genannt, und Transformiert diese. +\item Bekommt man die Fehlerstellen im Locator wieder, zwar nichtso genau, dennoch erkkent man wo die Fehler stattgefunden haben. +\end{enumerate} +\begin{figure} + \centering + \resizebox{0.9\textwidth}{!}{ + %\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{papers/reedsolomon/images/plot.pdf} + \input{papers/reedsolomon/images/plotfft.tex} + } + \caption{Übertragungsabfolge \ref{reedsolomon:subsection:Übertragungsabfolge}} + \label{fig:sendorder} +\end{figure}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/einleitung.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/einleitung.tex index 3d40db1..2b1d878 100644 --- a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/einleitung.tex +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/einleitung.tex @@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ \section{Einleitung \label{reedsolomon:section:einleitung}} \rhead{Einleitung} -Der Reed-Solomon-Code ist entstaden im ... vom .. um, -das Problem der Daten Übertragung zu lösen. -In deiesem Abschnitt wird möglichst verständlich die mathematische Abfolge, Funktion oder Algorithmus erklärt. +Der Reed-Solomon-Code ist entstanden um, +das Problem der Fehler, bei der Datenübertragung, zu lösen. +In diesem Abschnitt wird möglichst verständlich die mathematische Abfolge, Funktion oder Algorithmus erklärt. Es wird jedoch nicht auf die technische Umsetzung oder Implementierung eingegangen. -Um beim Daten Übertragen fehler zu erkennen könnte man die Daten jeweils doppelt senden, +Um beim Datenübertragen Fehler zu erkennen, könnte man die Daten jeweils doppelt senden, und so jeweilige Fehler zu erkennen. -Doch dies braucht schnell unmengen an Daten, wenn man nach vielen Fehler absichern möchte. +Doch nur schon um weinige Fehler zu erkennen werden überproportional viele Daten doppelt und dreifach gesendet. Der Reed-Solomon-Code macht dies auf eine andere, clevere Weise. diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/codiert.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/codiert.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4a481d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/codiert.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,284 +1,131.570790435043 +2,41.9840308053375 +3,12.1189172092243 +4,23.8408857476069 +5,69.1793197789512 +6,24.0186013379153 +7,37.3066577242559 +8,18.2010889773887 +9,12.3214904922455 +10,15.6627133315015 +11,24.5237955316204 +12,32.1114345314062 +13,44.9845039238714 +14,13.5324640263625 +15,10.1736266929292 +16,4.58257569495584 +17,23.217268502288 +18,16.5769107917917 +19,6.89948680823017 +20,4.84567134895776 +21,10.4219666223433 +22,43.6179140616243 +23,35.9073375743642 +24,15.0332963783729 +25,21.7594021268945 +26,23.2496572716993 +27,17.9815599423852 +28,11.3577742151117 +29,38.467599433197 +30,28.3035029562577 +31,9.54321919833388 +32,21.377558326432 +33,17.6292439561917 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+82,13.5324640263625 +83,44.9845039238714 +84,32.1114345314062 +85,24.5237955316204 +86,15.6627133315015 +87,12.3214904922455 +88,18.2010889773887 +89,37.3066577242559 +90,24.0186013379153 +91,69.1793197789512 +92,23.8408857476069 +93,12.1189172092243 +94,41.9840308053375 +95,131.570790435043 diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/decodiert.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/decodiert.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f6221e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/decodiert.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,6.05208333333333 +1,6.02602539785853 +2,0.0261327016093151 +3,5.98927158561317 +4,4.019445724874 +5,0.0247005083663722 +6,4.97798278395618 +7,1.95246440445439 +8,0.974000110512201 +9,2.00528527696027 +10,1.00071804528155 +11,1.97630907888264 +12,0.0232923747656228 +13,6.01302820392331 +14,3.03567381915226 +15,5.02435590137329 +16,7.00526061008995 +17,5.00739608089369 +18,5.02211514480064 +19,4.02175864806658 +20,1.00236543833726 +21,4.98147315261261 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a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/f.m +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/f.m @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -# -# f.m -- Reed-Solomon-Visualisierung mit FFT -# -# (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule -# +% +% f.m -- Reed-Solomon-Visualisierung mit FFT +% +% (c) 2021 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule + N = 64; b = 32; l = N + b; @@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ syndrom(1:N,1) = zeros(N,1) plot(abs(syndrom)); xlim([1, l]); title("Syndrom"); + pause() locator = abs(fft(syndrom)) @@ -59,3 +60,13 @@ plot(locator); xlim([1, l]); title("Locator"); pause() + + +writematrix([transpose(counter), abs(signal)], 'signal.txt') +writematrix([transpose(counter), abs(codiert)], 'codiert.txt') +writematrix([transpose(counter), fehler], 'fehler.txt') +writematrix([transpose(counter), abs(empfangen)], 'empfangen.txt') +writematrix([transpose(counter), abs(decodiert)], 'decodiert.txt') +writematrix([transpose(counter), abs(syndrom)], 'syndrom.txt') +writematrix([transpose(counter), locator], 'locator.txt') + diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/fehler.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/fehler.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..23f1a83 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/fehler.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,0 +1,0 +2,0 +3,0 +4,0 +5,0 +6,2 +7,0 +8,0 +9,0 +10,0 +11,0 +12,0 +13,0 +14,0 +15,0 +16,0 +17,0 +18,0 +19,0 +20,2 +21,0 +22,0 +23,0 +24,0 +25,0 +26,0 +27,0 +28,0 +29,0 +30,0 +31,0 +32,0 +33,0 +34,0 +35,0 +36,0 +37,0 +38,0 +39,0 +40,0 +41,0 +42,0 +43,0 +44,0 +45,0 +46,0 +47,0 +48,0 +49,0 +50,0 +51,0 +52,0 +53,0 +54,0 +55,0 +56,0 +57,0 +58,0 +59,0 +60,0 +61,0 +62,0 +63,0 +64,0 +65,0 +66,0 +67,0 +68,0 +69,0 +70,0 +71,0 +72,0 +73,0 +74,1 +75,0 +76,0 +77,0 +78,0 +79,0 +80,0 +81,0 +82,0 +83,0 +84,0 +85,0 +86,0 +87,0 +88,0 +89,0 +90,0 +91,0 +92,0 +93,0 +94,0 +95,0 diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/locator.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/locator.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b28988c --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/locator.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,0.0301224340567056 +1,0.141653026854885 +2,0.138226631799377 +3,0.0339903276086929 +4,0.310585462557496 +5,0.551427312631385 +6,0.628514858396814 +7,0.51102386251559 +8,0.275861355940449 +9,0.0502396354182268 +10,0.090185502547573 +11,0.110759344849756 +12,0.0684618905063001 +13,0.0362855426992259 +14,0.0697096919781468 +15,0.109288539370248 +16,0.0923187999496653 +17,0.0512198536768088 +18,0.274192386987782 +19,0.51349614953654 +20,0.633154426602466 +21,0.553283743533942 +22,0.307840573214514 +23,0.0341664350328392 +24,0.140270857957 +25,0.138527177682831 +26,0.029637547736156 +27,0.0816962563186052 +28,0.0944383203811073 +29,0.0263932110686261 +30,0.0585881348402056 +31,0.0737117341599984 +32,0.0239973937701886 +33,0.0464215468420038 +34,0.0616218854220964 +35,0.0221963086695009 +36,0.0390764778127646 +37,0.0537637218396934 +38,0.0208333333333332 +39,0.0343107696069045 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+83,0.0309749128751093 +84,0.0315202035072035 +85,0.0627625211892184 +86,0.0360843918243497 +87,0.02794920551495 +88,0.0677921493367236 +89,0.0437167157553067 +90,0.0270640150996317 +91,0.0783380025231622 +92,0.0561293738314281 +93,0.0278742033265809 +94,0.0981443889498639 +95,0.0794543457386548 diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/plot.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/plot.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2196c82 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/plot.tex @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +% polynome1 +%------------------- +\documentclass[tikz]{standalone} +\usepackage{amsmath} +\usepackage{times} +\usepackage{txfonts} +\usepackage{pgfplots} +\usepackage{csvsimple} +\usepackage{pgfplotstable} +\usepackage{filecontents} +\usetikzlibrary{arrows,intersections,math} +\newcommand{\x}{10} +\newcommand{\y}{-8} +\begin{document} + +\begin{tikzpicture}[] + + %--------------------------------------------------------------- + %Knote + \matrix[draw = none, column sep=20mm, row sep=4mm]{ + \node(signal) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + title = {\Large {Signal}}, + xlabel={Anzahl Übertragene Zahlen}, + xtick={0,20,40,64,80,98},] + \addplot[blue] table[col sep=comma] {signal.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}}; & + + \node(codiert) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Codiert}}] + \addplot[] table[col sep=comma] {codiert.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}}; \\ + + &\node(fehler) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[scale=0.6, title = {\Large {Fehler}}] + \addplot[red] table[col sep=comma] {fehler.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}};\\ + + \node(decodiert) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Decodiert}}] + \addplot[blue] table[col sep=comma] {decodiert.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}}; & + + \node(empfangen) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Empfangen}}] + \addplot[] table[col sep=comma] {empfangen.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}};\\ + + \node(syndrom) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Syndrom}}] + \addplot[blue] table[col sep=comma] {syndrom.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}}; & + + \node(locator) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Locator}}] + \addplot[] table[col sep=comma] {locator.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}};\\ + }; + %------------------------------------------------------------- + %FFT & IFFT deskription + + \draw[thin,gray,dashed] (0,12) to (0,-12); + \node(IFFT) [scale=0.7] at (0,12.3) {IFFT}; + \draw[<-](IFFT.south west)--(IFFT.south east); + \node(FFT) [scale=0.7, above of=IFFT] {FFT}; + \draw[->](FFT.north west)--(FFT.north east); + + \draw[thick, ->,] (fehler.west)++(-1,0) +(0.05,0.5) -- +(-0.1,-0.1) -- +(0.1,0.1) -- +(0,-0.5); + %Arrows + \draw[ultra thick, ->] (signal.east) to (codiert.west); + \draw[ultra thick, ->] (codiert.south) to (fehler.north); + \draw[ultra thick, ->] (fehler.south) to (empfangen.north); + \draw[ultra thick, ->] (empfangen.west) to (decodiert.east); + \draw[ultra thick, ->] (syndrom.east) to (locator.west); + \draw(decodiert.south east)++(-1.8,1) ellipse (1.3cm and 0.8cm) ++(-1.3,0) coordinate(zoom) ; + \draw[ultra thick, ->] (zoom) to[out=180, in=90] (syndrom.north); + + %item + \node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (signal.north west)+(1,0) {1}; + \node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (codiert.north west) {2}; + \node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (fehler.north west) {3}; + \node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (empfangen.north west) {4}; + \node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (decodiert.north west) {5}; + \node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (syndrom.north west) {6}; + \node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (locator.north west) {7}; + +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{document} + diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/signal.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/signal.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c4fa5f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/signal.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,6 +1,6 +2,0 +3,6 +4,4 +5,0 +6,5 +7,2 +8,1 +9,2 +10,1 +11,2 +12,0 +13,6 +14,3 +15,5 +16,7 +17,5 +18,5 +19,4 +20,1 +21,5 +22,9 +23,9 +24,3 +25,2 +26,6 +27,6 +28,4 +29,2 +30,9 +31,1 +32,1 +33,1 +34,2 +35,6 +36,6 +37,1 +38,9 +39,7 +40,7 +41,1 +42,9 +43,9 +44,10 +45,9 +46,8 +47,5 +48,2 +49,4 +50,1 +51,0 +52,9 +53,3 +54,3 +55,3 +56,5 +57,6 +58,0 +59,8 +60,6 +61,9 +62,3 +63,4 +64,0 +65,0 +66,0 +67,0 +68,0 +69,0 +70,0 +71,0 +72,0 +73,0 +74,0 +75,0 +76,0 +77,0 +78,0 +79,0 +80,0 +81,0 +82,0 +83,0 +84,0 +85,0 +86,0 +87,0 +88,0 +89,0 +90,0 +91,0 +92,0 +93,0 +94,0 +95,0 diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/syndrom.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/syndrom.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8ca9eed --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/experiments/syndrom.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,0 +1,0 +2,0 +3,0 +4,0 +5,0 +6,0 +7,0 +8,0 +9,0 +10,0 +11,0 +12,0 +13,0 +14,0 +15,0 +16,0 +17,0 +18,0 +19,0 +20,0 +21,0 +22,0 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a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/idee.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/idee.tex index 4a7716a..39adbbf 100644 --- a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/idee.tex +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/idee.tex @@ -8,51 +8,81 @@ \rhead{Problemstellung} Das Problem liegt darin Informationen, Zahlen, zu Übertragen und Fehler zu erkennen. -Beim Reed-Solomon-Code kann man nicht nur Fehler erkenen, +Beim Reed-Solomon-Code kann man nicht nur Fehler erkennen, man kann sogar einige Fehler korrigieren. \rhead{Polynom-Ansatz} -Eine Idee ist die Daten, -ein Polynom zu bilden und dieses dann mit bestimmten Punkten überträgt. +Eine Idee ist aus den Daten +ein Polynom zu bilden. +Diese Polynomfunktion bei bestimmten Werten, ausrechnet und diese Punkte dann überträgt. Nehmen wir als beisbiel die Zahlen \textcolor{blue}{2}, \textcolor{blue}{1}, \textcolor{blue}{5}, welche uns dann das Polynom \begin{equation} p(x) = -2x^2 + 1x + 5 +\textcolor{blue}{2}x^2 + \textcolor{blue}{1}x + \textcolor{blue}{5} \label{reedsolomon:equation1} \end{equation} ergeben. -Übertragen werden nun die stellen 1, 2, 3\dots 7 dieses Polynomes. -Grafisch sieht man dies dann im Abbild //TODO -Wenn ein Fehler sich in die Übertragung eingeschlichen hatt, muss der Leser/Empfänger erkennen, welches das Richtige Polynom ist. -Der Leser/Empfänger weiss, mit welchem Grad das Polynom entwickelt wurde. +Übertragen werden nun die Werte an den stellen 1, 2, 3\dots 7 dieses Polynomes. +Grafisch sieht man dies dann in Abbildung \ref{fig:polynom}, +mit den Punkten, $p(1),p(2),...,p(7) = (\textcolor{green}{8}, +\textcolor{green}{15}, \textcolor{green}{26}, +\textcolor{green}{41}, \textcolor{green}{60}, +\textcolor{green}{83}, \textcolor{green}{110})$ +Wenn ein Fehler sich in die Übertragung eingeschlichen hatt, muss der Leser/Empfänger diesen erkennen und das Polynom rekonstruieren. +Der Leser/Empfänger weiss, den Grad des Polynoms und dessen Werte übermittelt wurden. + \subsection{Beispiel} -Für das Beispeil aus der Gleichung \ref{reedsolomon:equation1}, +Für das Beispeil aus der Gleichung \eqref{reedsolomon:equation1}, ist ein Polynome zweiten Grades durch drei Punkte eindeutig bestimmbar. -Hat es Fehler in der Übertragunge gegeben, kann man diese erkennen, -da alle Punkte, die korrekt sind, auf dem Polynom liegen müssen. +Hat es Fehler in der Übertragunge gegeben,(Bei Abbildung \ref{fig:polynom}\textcolor{red}{roten Punkte}) kann man diese erkennen, +da alle Punkte, die korrekt sind, auf dem Polynom liegen müssen. +(Bei Abbildung \ref{fig:polynom}\textcolor{green}{grünen Punkte}) Ab wie vielen Fehler ist das Polynom nicht mehr erkennbar beim Übertragen von 7 Punkten? Bei 2 Fehlern kann man noch eindeutig bestimmen, dass das Polynom mit 4 Punkten, -gegenüber dem mit 5 Punkten falsch liegt. -Werden es mehr Fehler kann nur erkennt werden das das Polynom nicht stimmt. -Das Orginale Polynom kann aber nicht mehr gefunden werden. -Dabei sollten mehr Übertragungspunkte gegeben werden. +gegenüber dem mit 5 Punkten falsch liegt.\ref{fig:polynom} +Werden es mehr Fehler kann nur erkennt werden, dass das Polynom nicht stimmt. +Das orginale Polynom kann aber nicht mehr gefunden werden. +Dafür sind mehr übertragene Werte nötig. + +\begin{figure} + \centering + %\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{papers/reedsolomon/images/polynom2} + \input{papers/reedsolomon/images/polynom2.tex} + \caption{Polynom $p(x)$ \eqref{reedsolomon:equation1}} + \label{fig:polynom} +\end{figure} \section{Fehlerbestimmung \label{reedsolomon:section:Fehlerbestimmmung}} So wird ein Muster indentifiziert, welches genau vorherbestimmen kann, wie gross das Polynom sein muss und wie viele Übertragungspunkte gegeben werden müssen. -Durch ein klein wenig Überlegung ist klar das die anzahl Zahlen (Daten, ab hier verwenden wir das Wort Nutzlast), -die dan Entschlüsselt werden sollen den Grad des Polynoms minus 1 ergeben. +Um zu bestimmen wie viel Fehler erkennt und korriegiert werden können. +Die Anzahl Zahlen (Daten, ab hier verwenden wir das Wort Nutzlast), +die Entschlüsselt werden sollen, brauchen die gleiche Anzahl an Polynomgraden, beginnend bei Grad 0. ( \( k-1 \) ) Für die Anzahl an Übertragungspunkte, muss bestimmt werden wieviel Fehler erkennt und korrigiert werden sollen. -Mit Hilfe der Tabelle.... sieht man das es bei $$t$$ Fehlern und $$k$$ Nutzlast, -für das Übertragen $$k+2t$$ Punkte gegben werden müssen. +Mit Hilfe der Tabelle, sieht man das es bei $t$ Fehlern und $k$ Nutzlast Zahlen, +$k+2t$ Punkte übertragen werden müssen. -Ein toller Nebeneffekt ist das dadurch auch $$2t$$ Fehler erkannt werden. -um zurück auf unser Beispiel zu kommen, -können von den 7 Übertragungspunkten bis zu $$2t = 2*2 = 4 $$ Punkten falsch liegen -und es wird kein eindeutiges Polynom 2ten Grades erkannt, und somit die Nutzlast Daten als fehlerhaft deklariert. +\begin{center} + \begin{tabular}{ c c c } + \hline + Nutzlas & Fehler & Übertragen \\ + \hline + 3 & 2 & 7 Werte eines Polynoms vom Grad 2 \\ + 4 & 2 & 8 Werte eines Polynoms vom Grad 3 \\ + 3 & 3 & 9 Werte eines Polynoms vom Grad 2 \\ + \hline + $k$ & $t$ & $k+2t$ Werte eines Polynoms vom Grad $k-1$ \\ + \hline + \end{tabular} +\end{center} -Ein Polynom durch Punkt mit Polynom Interpolation zu rekonstruieren ist schwierig und Fehleranfällig. +Ein toller Nebeneffekt ist das dadurch auch $2t$ Fehler erkannt werden. +Um zurück auf unser Beispiel zu kommen, +können von den 7 Übertragungspunkten bis zu $2t = 2\cdot2 = 4 $ Punkten falsch liegen +und es wird kein eindeutiges Polynom zweiten Grades erkannt, und somit die Nutzlast Daten als fehlerhaft deklariert. +Um aus den Übertragenen Zahlen wieder die Nutzlastzahlen zu bekommen könnte man eine Polynominterpolation anwenden, +doch die Punkte mit Polynominterpolation zu einem Polynom zu rekonstruieren ist schwierig und Fehleranfällig. diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/codiert.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/codiert.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4a481d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/codiert.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,284 +1,131.570790435043 +2,41.9840308053375 +3,12.1189172092243 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b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/decodiert.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f6221e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/decodiert.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,6.05208333333333 +1,6.02602539785853 +2,0.0261327016093151 +3,5.98927158561317 +4,4.019445724874 +5,0.0247005083663722 +6,4.97798278395618 +7,1.95246440445439 +8,0.974000110512201 +9,2.00528527696027 +10,1.00071804528155 +11,1.97630907888264 +12,0.0232923747656228 +13,6.01302820392331 +14,3.03567381915226 +15,5.02435590137329 +16,7.00526061008995 +17,5.00739608089369 +18,5.02211514480064 +19,4.02175864806658 +20,1.00236543833726 +21,4.98147315261261 +22,8.97728828610336 +23,8.98481304394618 +24,2.98958333333333 +25,1.98491220960989 +26,5.97728835934715 +27,5.98144124907561 +28,4.00163839998525 +29,2.02176249296313 +30,9.02210713874162 +31,1.00742763919872 +32,1.00557258081044 +33,1.02435888848794 +34,2.03577412756745 +35,6.01302820392331 +36,5.97917574041123 +37,0.976310374034338 +38,9.00062625447998 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+47,0 +48,0 +49,0 +50,0 +51,0 +52,0 +53,0 +54,0 +55,0 +56,0 +57,0 +58,0 +59,0 +60,0 +61,0 +62,0 +63,0 +64,0 +65,0 +66,0 +67,0 +68,0 +69,0 +70,0 +71,0 +72,0 +73,0 +74,1 +75,0 +76,0 +77,0 +78,0 +79,0 +80,0 +81,0 +82,0 +83,0 +84,0 +85,0 +86,0 +87,0 +88,0 +89,0 +90,0 +91,0 +92,0 +93,0 +94,0 +95,0 diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/locator.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/locator.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b28988c --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/locator.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,0.0301224340567056 +1,0.141653026854885 +2,0.138226631799377 +3,0.0339903276086929 +4,0.310585462557496 +5,0.551427312631385 +6,0.628514858396814 +7,0.51102386251559 +8,0.275861355940449 +9,0.0502396354182268 +10,0.090185502547573 +11,0.110759344849756 +12,0.0684618905063001 +13,0.0362855426992259 +14,0.0697096919781468 +15,0.109288539370248 +16,0.0923187999496653 +17,0.0512198536768088 +18,0.274192386987782 +19,0.51349614953654 +20,0.633154426602466 +21,0.553283743533942 +22,0.307840573214514 +23,0.0341664350328392 +24,0.140270857957 +25,0.138527177682831 +26,0.029637547736156 +27,0.0816962563186052 +28,0.0944383203811073 +29,0.0263932110686261 +30,0.0585881348402056 +31,0.0737117341599984 +32,0.0239973937701886 +33,0.0464215468420038 +34,0.0616218854220964 +35,0.0221963086695009 +36,0.0390764778127646 +37,0.0537637218396934 +38,0.0208333333333332 +39,0.0343107696069045 +40,0.0483441215964552 +41,0.0198077862118806 +42,0.0311207395968725 +43,0.0444955089373458 +44,0.0190533549944159 +45,0.0290049795038723 +46,0.0417536642697558 +47,0.0185261550443084 +48,0.0277059929762261 +49,0.0398606084144816 +50,0.0181978813094817 +51,0.0271098219177584 +52,0.0386836665079729 +53,0.0180518611046889 +54,0.0272138992557141 +55,0.0381891287148314 +56,0.0180809085252469 +57,0.0281418959420061 +58,0.0384596362516637 +59,0.0182864418432272 +60,0.0302250788423173 +61,0.0397874837986351 +62,0.0186786556701694 +63,0.0342489348284216 +64,0.0429932815348666 +65,0.0192777878591759 +66,0.0422808966931999 +67,0.0506815964680563 +68,0.0201167847752226 +69,0.0615048274405271 +70,0.0744953894508454 +71,0.021246054596492 +72,0.142602265816215 +73,0.273502052865436 +74,0.325309673287599 +75,0.272705389655349 +76,0.149074257381345 +77,0.0247199397628712 +78,0.0680137859566976 +79,0.075388270873485 +80,0.0273637831604903 +81,0.0407867704453274 +82,0.0632964886441949 +83,0.0309749128751093 +84,0.0315202035072035 +85,0.0627625211892184 +86,0.0360843918243497 +87,0.02794920551495 +88,0.0677921493367236 +89,0.0437167157553067 +90,0.0270640150996317 +91,0.0783380025231622 +92,0.0561293738314281 +93,0.0278742033265809 +94,0.0981443889498639 +95,0.0794543457386548 diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/plotfft.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/plotfft.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..83a89eb --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/plotfft.tex @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ +% +% Plot der Übertrangungsabfolge ins FFT und zurück mit IFFT +% +\begin{tikzpicture}[] + +%--------------------------------------------------------------- + %Knote +\matrix[draw = none, column sep=25mm, row sep=2mm]{ + \node(signal) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis} + [title = {\Large {Signal}}, + xlabel={Anzahl Übertragene Zahlen}, + xtick={0,20,40,64,80,98},] + \addplot[blue] table[col sep=comma] {papers/reedsolomon/images/signal.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}}; & + + \node(codiert) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Codiert}}] + \addplot[] table[col sep=comma] {papers/reedsolomon/images/codiert.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}}; \\ + + &\node(fehler) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[scale=0.6, title = {\Large {Fehler}}, + xtick={7,21,75}] + \addplot[red] table[col sep=comma] {papers/reedsolomon/images/fehler.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}};\\ + + \node(decodiert) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Decodiert}}] + \addplot[blue] table[col sep=comma] {papers/reedsolomon/images/decodiert.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}}; & + + \node(empfangen) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Empfangen}}] + \addplot[] table[col sep=comma] {papers/reedsolomon/images/empfangen.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}};\\ + + \node(syndrom) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Syndrom}}] + \addplot[blue] table[col sep=comma] {papers/reedsolomon/images/syndrom.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}}; & + + \node(locator) [] { + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[title = {\Large {Locator}}] + \addplot[] table[col sep=comma] {papers/reedsolomon/images/locator.txt}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture}};\\ +}; +%------------------------------------------------------------- + %FFT & IFFT deskription + +\draw[thin,gray,dashed] (0,12) to (0,-12); +\node(IFFT) [scale=0.7] at (0,12.3) {IFFT}; +\draw[<-](IFFT.south west)--(IFFT.south east); +\node(FFT) [scale=0.7, above of=IFFT] {FFT}; +\draw[->](FFT.north west)--(FFT.north east); + +\draw[thick, ->,] (fehler.west)++(-1,0) +(0.05,0.5) -- +(-0.1,-0.1) -- +(0.1,0.1) -- +(0,-0.5); +%Arrows +\draw[ultra thick, ->] (signal.east) to (codiert.west); +\draw[ultra thick, ->] (codiert.south) to (fehler.north); +\draw[ultra thick, ->] (fehler.south) to (empfangen.north); +\draw[ultra thick, ->] (empfangen.west) to (decodiert.east); +\draw[ultra thick, ->] (syndrom.east) to (locator.west); +\draw(decodiert.south east)++(-1.8,1) ellipse (1.3cm and 0.8cm) ++(-1.3,0) coordinate(zoom) ; +\draw[ultra thick, ->] (zoom) to[out=180, in=90] (syndrom.north); + +%item +\node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (signal.north west) {1}; +\node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (codiert.north west) {2}; +\node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (fehler.north west) {3}; +\node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (empfangen.north west) {4}; +\node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (decodiert.north west) {5}; +\node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (syndrom.north west) {6}; +\node[circle, draw, fill =lightgray] at (locator.north west) {7}; +\end{tikzpicture}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/polynom2.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/polynom2.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..288b51c --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/polynom2.tex @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +% polynome +%------------------- +% Teiler für das Skalieren der Grafik /40 +\newcommand{\teiler}{40} + + +%////////////////////////////////////// + +\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,thick] + \draw[color=blue, line width=1.4pt] + plot[domain=0:8, samples=100] + ({\x},{(2*\x^2+1*\x+5)/\teiler}); + + \draw[->] (-0.2,0) -- (8,0) coordinate[label={$x$}]; + \draw[->] (0,-0.2) -- (0,150/\teiler) coordinate[label={right:$p(x)$}]; + + \def\punkt#1{ + \fill[color=green] #1 circle[radius=0.08]; + \draw #1 circle[radius=0.07]; + } + + \def\hellpunkt#1{ + \fill[color=lightgray] #1 circle[radius=0.08]; + \draw #1 circle[radius=0.07]; + } + + \punkt{(1,8/\teiler)} + \hellpunkt{(2,15/\teiler)} + \hellpunkt{(3,26/\teiler)} + \punkt{(4,41/\teiler)} + \punkt{(5,60/\teiler)} + \punkt{(6,83/\teiler)} + \punkt{(7,110/\teiler)} + + \draw[color=gray,line width=1pt,dashed] + plot[domain=0.5:7, samples=100] + ({\x},{(7.832*\x^2-51.5*\x+121.668)/\teiler}); + + \def\erpunkt#1{ + \fill[color=red] #1 circle[radius=0.08]; + \draw #1 circle[radius=0.07]; + } + \erpunkt{(2,50/\teiler)} + \erpunkt{(3,37.66/\teiler)} + + \draw(0,100/\teiler) -- (-0.1,100/\teiler) coordinate[label={left:$100$}]; + \draw(1,0) -- (1,-0.1) coordinate[label={below:$1$}]; +\end{tikzpicture} +%\end{document} diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/signal.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/signal.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c4fa5f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/signal.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,6 +1,6 +2,0 +3,6 +4,4 +5,0 +6,5 +7,2 +8,1 +9,2 +10,1 +11,2 +12,0 +13,6 +14,3 +15,5 +16,7 +17,5 +18,5 +19,4 +20,1 +21,5 +22,9 +23,9 +24,3 +25,2 +26,6 +27,6 +28,4 +29,2 +30,9 +31,1 +32,1 +33,1 +34,2 +35,6 +36,6 +37,1 +38,9 +39,7 +40,7 +41,1 +42,9 +43,9 +44,10 +45,9 +46,8 +47,5 +48,2 +49,4 +50,1 +51,0 +52,9 +53,3 +54,3 +55,3 +56,5 +57,6 +58,0 +59,8 +60,6 +61,9 +62,3 +63,4 +64,0 +65,0 +66,0 +67,0 +68,0 +69,0 +70,0 +71,0 +72,0 +73,0 +74,0 +75,0 +76,0 +77,0 +78,0 +79,0 +80,0 +81,0 +82,0 +83,0 +84,0 +85,0 +86,0 +87,0 +88,0 +89,0 +90,0 +91,0 +92,0 +93,0 +94,0 +95,0 diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/syndrom.txt b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/syndrom.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8ca9eed --- /dev/null +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/images/syndrom.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +0,0 +1,0 +2,0 +3,0 +4,0 +5,0 +6,0 +7,0 +8,0 +9,0 +10,0 +11,0 +12,0 +13,0 +14,0 +15,0 +16,0 +17,0 +18,0 +19,0 +20,0 +21,0 +22,0 +23,0 +24,0 +25,0 +26,0 +27,0 +28,0 +29,0 +30,0 +31,0 +32,0 +33,0 +34,0 +35,0 +36,0 +37,0 +38,0 +39,0 +40,0 +41,0 +42,0 +43,0 +44,0 +45,0 +46,0 +47,0 +48,0 +49,0 +50,0 +51,0 +52,0 +53,0 +54,0 +55,0 +56,0 +57,0 +58,0 +59,0 +60,0 +61,0 +62,0 +63,0 +64,0.0275599094902563 +65,0.0115837187254191 +66,0.025877761014238 +67,0.0224618032819697 +68,0.04410594689944 +69,0.0474504002669341 +70,0.0227694695500626 +71,0.0271436638090525 +72,0.0104166666666667 +73,0.0271436638090523 +74,0.0227694695500608 +75,0.0474504002669343 +76,0.0441059468994397 +77,0.0224618032819701 +78,0.0258777610142379 +79,0.0115837187254183 +80,0.027559909490256 +81,0.0245124379481793 +82,0.0499782237195209 +83,0.0401432022864265 +84,0.0232923747656228 +85,0.0237974288564099 +86,0.0143895905726624 +87,0.0271745729691685 +88,0.0275599094902567 +89,0.0515501672184983 +90,0.0358255004834542 +91,0.024700508366373 +92,0.0210194725405171 +93,0.0177592928994296 +94,0.0261327016093158 +95,0.0314909067039411 diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/main.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/main.tex index a400508..e68b947 100644 --- a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/main.tex +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/main.tex @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Bilden Sie auch für Formeln kurze Zeilen, einerseits der besseren % Joshua \input{papers/reedsolomon/einleitung.tex} \input{papers/reedsolomon/idee.tex} -\input{papers/reedsolomon/teil2.tex} +%\input{papers/reedsolomon/teil2.tex} \input{papers/reedsolomon/dtf.tex} % Michael diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/packages.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/packages.tex index 3643731..b84e228 100644 --- a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/packages.tex +++ b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/packages.tex @@ -8,3 +8,5 @@ % following example %\usepackage{packagename} +\usepackage{pgfplots} +\usepackage{filecontents} diff --git a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/teil2.tex b/buch/papers/reedsolomon/teil2.tex deleted file mode 100644 index b2adc9f..0000000 --- a/buch/papers/reedsolomon/teil2.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,40 +0,0 @@ -% -% teil2.tex -- Beispiel-File für teil2 -% -% (c) 2020 Prof Dr Andreas Müller, Hochschule Rapperswil -% -\section{Teil 2 -\label{reedsolomon:section:teil2}} -\rhead{Teil 2} -Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem -accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa -quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae -dicta sunt explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit -aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores -eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam -est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci -velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt ut labore -et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima -veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, -nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure -reprehenderit qui in ea voluptate velit esse quam nihil molestiae -consequatur, vel illum qui dolorem eum fugiat quo voluptas nulla -pariatur? - -\subsection{De finibus bonorum et malorum -\label{reedsolomon:subsection:bonorum}} -At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus qui -blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti atque corrupti quos -dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint occaecati cupiditate non -provident, similique sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollitia -animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga. Et harum quidem rerum facilis -est et expedita distinctio. Nam libero tempore, cum soluta nobis -est eligendi optio cumque nihil impedit quo minus id quod maxime -placeat facere possimus, omnis voluptas assumenda est, omnis dolor -repellendus. Temporibus autem quibusdam et aut officiis debitis aut -rerum necessitatibus saepe eveniet ut et voluptates repudiandae -sint et molestiae non recusandae. Itaque earum rerum hic tenetur a -sapiente delectus, ut aut reiciendis voluptatibus maiores alias -consequatur aut perferendis doloribus asperiores repellat. - - |